Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þarbāną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *þarbō (“need”) +‎ *-āną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈθɑr.βɑː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*þarbāną

1. to need, to want, to lack

Inflection

Conjugation of *þarbāną (weak class 3)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*þarbō	?	—	?	?
2nd singular	*þarbaisi	?	*þarbai	*þarbāsai	?
3rd singular	*þarbaiþi	?	*þarbāþau	*þarbāþai	?
1st dual	*þarbōs	?	—	—	—
2nd dual	*þarbāþiz	?	*þarbāþiz	—	—
1st plural	*þarbāmaz	?	—	*þarbānþai	?
2nd plural	*þarbaiþ	?	*þarbaiþ	*þarbānþai	?
3rd plural	*þarbānþi	?	*þarbānþau	*þarbānþai	?
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*þarbadǭ	*þarbadēdį̄
2nd singular	*þarbadēz	*þarbadēdīz
3rd singular	*þarbadē	*þarbadēdī
1st dual	*þarbadēdū	*þarbadēdīw
2nd dual	*þarbadēdudiz	*þarbadēdīdiz
1st plural	*þarbadēdum	*þarbadēdīm
2nd plural	*þarbadēdud	*þarbadēdīd
3rd plural	*þarbadēdun	*þarbadēdīn
	present	past
participles	*þarbāndz	*þarbadaz

Related terms

• *þurbaną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *þarbēn
  • Old English: þearfian
  • Old Saxon: tharvōn, tharbōn
    • Middle Low German: darven
  • Old Dutch: tharvon
    • Middle Dutch: darven
      • Dutch: derven
        • Afrikaans: derf, derwe
  • Old High German: darbēn, darbōn
    • Middle High German: darben
      • German: darben
• Old Norse: þarfa
  • Faroese: tarva
  • Icelandic: þarfa
• ⇒ Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌽 (gaþarban)