Reconstruction:Proto-Georgian-Zan/werʒ₁-

This Proto-Georgian-Zan entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Georgian-Zan

Etymology

Klimov derives from Proto-Indo-European *wérsēn (“male, ram”) (whence Latin verrēs (“boar”), Ancient Greek ἄρσην (ársēn, “male”), Ossetian уырс (wyrs, “stallion”)).

On the other hand J̌ahukyan and Martirosyan prefer an Armenian origin: compare Old Armenian որձ (orj, “male”), յորձ (yorj, “ram”).

Root

*werʒ₁-

1. male, ram

Descendants

• Old Georgian: ვერძი (verʒi)
  • Georgian: ვერძი (verʒi)
• Zan:
  • Mingrelian: ერჯი (erǯi)

References

• Č̣araia, Ṗeṭre (1895) “Megruli dialekṭis natesaobrivi damoḳidebuleba kartultan [The genetic relation of the Mingrelian dialect to Georgian]”, in Moambe‎^[1] (in Georgian), number 12, Tbilisi, page 111
• Fähnrich, Heinz (2007) Kartwelisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch [Kartvelian Etymological Dictionary] (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.18) (in German), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 160
• Klimov, G. A. (1964) Этимологический словарь картвельских языков [Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Academy Press, page 84
• Klimov, G. A. (1994) Древнейшие индоевропеизмы картвельских языков [The Oldest Indo-Europeanisms in Kartvelian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Nasledie, →ISBN, pages 108–110
• Klimov, G. A. (1998) Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages (Trends in linguistics. Documentation; 16), New York, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, page 52
• Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 540
• J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1987) Hayocʻ lezvi patmutʻyun; naxagrayin žamanakašrǰan [History of the Armenian language: The Pre-Literary Period]‎^[2] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, pages 555, 590, 591₂
• Androniḳašvili, Mzia (1966) Narḳvevebi iranul-kartuli enobrivi urtiertobidan I [Studies in Iranian–Georgian Linguistic Contacts I] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Tbilisi University Press, page 86
• Thorsø, Rasmus (2023) Prehistoric loanwords in Armenian: Hurro-Urartian, Kartvelian, and the unclassified substrate‎^[3], PhD dissertation, Leiden University, page 82