Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/vastat'ak
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Verb
[edit]*vastat'ak (stem *vastada-)
Inflection
[edit]Inflection of *vastat'ak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *vastadan | *vastacin | — | *vastatkon |
| 2nd sing. | *vastadat | *vastacit | *vastadak | *vastatkos |
| 3rd sing. | *vastadapi *vastat |
*vastaci | *vastatkasën | *vastatkosën |
| 1st plur. | *vastadakmëk *vastadakmak |
*vastacimëk *vastacimak |
*vastatkatëmëk *vastatkatamak |
*vastatkotëmëk *vastatkotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *vastadaktëk *vastadaktak |
*vastacidëk *vastacidak |
*vastatkatë *vastatkata |
*vastatkot'ëk *vastatkotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *vastadabat *vastat |
*vastaci | *vastatkasën | *vastatkosën |
| passive | *vastadaksën *vastadat'aksën |
*vastattisën *vastadattihën |
*vastattakahën *vastadattagasën |
*vastattakohën *vastadattagosën |
| connegative | *vastadak | — | *vastatkak | *vastatkok |
| passive connegative | *vastadaktak | — | *vastattagak *vastadattagak |
*vastattagok *vastadattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *vastadakcin | *vastacicin | *vastannën | |
| 2nd sing. | *vastadakcit | *vastacicit | *vastannët | |
| 3rd sing. | *vastadakci | *vastacici | *vastanni | |
| 1st plur. | *vastadakcimëk *vastadakcimak |
*vastacicimëk *vastacicimak |
*vastannëmëk *vastannëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *vastadakcidëk *vastadakcidak |
*vastacicidëk *vastacicidak |
*vastannëdëk *vastannëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *vastadakci | *vastacici | *vastanni | |
| passive | *vastat'akcihën *vastadat'akcisën |
*vastatticihën *vastadatticisën |
*vastattanëhën *vastadattanësën | |
| connegative | *vastadakcik | *vastacicik | *vastannëk | |
| passive connegative | *vastat'akcik *vastadat'akcik |
*vastatticik *vastadatticik |
*vastattanëk *vastadattanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *vastat'ak | present | *vastadapa | *vastattapa *vastadattaba |
| infinitive 2 | *vastattë- | past | *vastannut | *vastattu *vastadattu |
| gerund/supine | *vastadama | |||
| action noun | *vastadaminen | |||
Descendants
[edit]- Estonian: vastama/vastata
- Finnish: vastata
- Ingrian: vassata
- Karelian:
- Livonian: vastātõ
- Livvi: vastata
- Ludian: vastata
- Veps: vastata
- Võro: vastama/vastadaq
- Votic: vasatõ
- → Proto-Samic: *vāstētētēk (see there for further descendants)
Further reading
[edit]- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “vastata”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words][1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN