Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/astudak
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Derived from Proto-Uralic *aśka- + *-tudak, with simplification of the consonant cluster *-śk-t- > *-st-.
Verb
[edit]- to step, to take steps
Inflection
[edit]Inflection of *astudak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *astun | *astuin | — | *astugon |
| 2nd sing. | *astut | *astuit | *astuk | *astugos |
| 3rd sing. | *astubi *astu |
*astui | *astugasën | *astugosën |
| 1st plur. | *astukmëk *astukmak |
*astuimëk *astuimak |
*astugatëmëk *astugatamak |
*astugotëmëk *astugotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *astuktëk *astuktak |
*astuidëk *astuidak |
*astugatë *astugata |
*astugot'ëk *astugotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *astubat *astu |
*astui | *astugasën | *astugosën |
| passive | *astuksën *astut'aksën |
*astudisën *astuttisën |
*astudakahën *astuttakahën |
*astudakohën *astuttakohën |
| connegative | *astuk | — | *astugak | *astugok |
| passive connegative | *astuktak | — | *astudagak *astuttagak |
*astudagok *astuttagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *astukcin | *astuicin | *astunën | |
| 2nd sing. | *astukcit | *astuicit | *astunët | |
| 3rd sing. | *astukci | *astuici | *astuni | |
| 1st plur. | *astukcimëk *astukcimak |
*astuicimëk *astuicimak |
*astunëmëk *astunëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *astukcidëk *astukcidak |
*astuicidëk *astuicidak |
*astunëdëk *astunëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *astukci | *astuici | *astuni | |
| passive | *astudakcihën *astut'akcihën |
*astudicihën *astutticihën |
*astudanëhën *astuttanëhën | |
| connegative | *astukcik | *astuicik | *astunëk | |
| passive connegative | *astudakcik *astut'akcik |
*astudicik *astutticik |
*astudanëk *astuttanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *astudak | present | *astuba | *astudapa *astuttapa |
| infinitive 2 | *astudë- | past | *astunut | *astudu *astuttu |
| gerund/supine | *astuma | |||
| action noun | *astuminen | |||
Descendants
[edit]- Estonian: astuma/astuda
- Finnish: astua
- Ingrian: astua
- Karelian:
- Livonian: ast
- Livvi: astuo
- Ludian: astuda
- Veps: astta
- Võro: astma/astuq
- Votic: assua