Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/tonketos

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

A former participle of a verb *tonkīti, whence also related verbs in Old Irish ro·toicther (“to be destined”) and Middle Welsh tynghaf tyghet (“I destine destiny”). Schumacher derives this from Proto-Indo-European *tenk- (“to solidify”),^[1] though Matasovic prefers to derive this from the homophonous Proto-Indo-European *tenk- (“to be suitable, prosper”), whence Proto-Germanic *þinhaną (“to thrive”).^[2]

Noun

*tonketos m^[2]^[1]

destiny

Inflection

Masculine o-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*tonketos	*tonketou	*tonketoi
vocative	*tonkete	*tonketou	*tonketoi
accusative	*tonketom	*tonketou	*tonketoms
genitive	*tonketī	*tonketous	*tonketom
dative	*tonketūi	*tonketobom	*tonketobos
locative	*tonketei	*?	*?
instrumental	*tonketū	*tonketobim	*tonketūis

Derived terms

*tonketākos

Descendants

Proto-Brythonic: *tonked
- Middle Welsh: tynget, tynghet, tyghet, tyghed
  - Welsh: tynged
Old Irish: tocad, toceth

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Schumacher, Stefan (1995) “Old Irish Tucaid, Tocad and Middle Welsh Tynghaf Tynghet Re-Examined”, in Ériu‎^[1], volume 46, Royal Irish Academy, →ISSN, →JSTOR, retrieved September 9, 2023, pages 49–57
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*tonketo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 383-384

[Schumacher_1995-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Schumacher, Stefan (1995) “Old Irish Tucaid, Tocad and Middle Welsh Tynghaf Tynghet Re-Examined”, in Ériu‎^[1], volume 46, Royal Irish Academy, →ISSN, →JSTOR, retrieved September 9, 2023, pages 49–57

[EDPC-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*tonketo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 383-384

[1]

[2]