Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/gʷereti
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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Celtic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Thematic present from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer- (“warm, hot”).
Verb
[edit]*gʷereti[1]
- to heat up
Inflection
[edit]| Thematic present, t-preterite | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *gʷerū | *gʷeremam | ? | *gʷeram |
| 2nd singular | *gʷeresi | *gʷeretās | ? | *gʷers |
| 3rd singular | *gʷereti | *gʷereto | ? | *gʷert |
| 1st plural | *gʷeromosi | *gʷeremo | ? | *gʷerme |
| 2nd plural | *gʷeretesi | *gʷerestē | ? | *gʷerte |
| 3rd plural | *gʷeronti | *gʷerento | ? | *gʷerant |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *gʷerasū | ? | — | |
| 2nd singular | *gʷerasesi | ? | *gʷere | |
| 3rd singular | *gʷeraseti | ? | *gʷeretou | |
| 1st plural | *gʷerasomosi | ? | *gʷeromos | |
| 2nd plural | *gʷerasetesi | ? | *gʷerete | |
| 3rd plural | *gʷerasonti | ? | *gʷerontou | |
| Passive voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *gʷerūr | — | ? | — |
| 2nd singular | *gʷeretar | — | ? | — |
| 3rd singular | *gʷeretor | ? | ? | — |
| 1st plural | *gʷerommor | — | ? | — |
| 2nd plural | *gʷeredwe | — | ? | — |
| 3rd plural | *gʷerontor | ? | ? | — |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *gʷerasūr | — | — | |
| 2nd singular | *gʷerasetar | — | — | |
| 3rd singular | *gʷerasetor | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *gʷerasommor | — | — | |
| 2nd plural | *gʷerasedwe | — | — | |
| 3rd plural | *gʷerasontor | — | — | |
| Declension of the past participle | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *gʷritos | *gʷritou | *gʷritoi |
| vocative | *gʷrite | *gʷritou | *gʷritoi |
| accusative | *gʷritom | *gʷritou | *gʷritoms |
| genitive | *gʷritī | *gʷritous | *gʷritom |
| dative | *gʷritūi | *gʷritobom | *gʷritobos |
| instrumental | *gʷritū | *gʷritobim | *gʷritobis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *gʷritā | *gʷritai | *gʷritās |
| vocative | *gʷritā | *gʷritai | *gʷritās |
| accusative | *gʷritam | *gʷritai | *gʷritams |
| genitive | *gʷritās | *gʷritous | *gʷritom |
| dative | *gʷritai | *gʷritābom | *gʷritābos |
| instrumental | *? | *gʷritābim | *gʷritābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *gʷritom | *gʷritou | *gʷritā |
| vocative | *gʷritom | *gʷritou | *gʷritā |
| accusative | *gʷritom | *gʷritou | *gʷritā |
| genitive | *gʷritī | *gʷritous | *gʷritom |
| dative | *gʷritūi | *gʷritobom | *gʷritobos |
| instrumental | *gʷritū | *gʷritobim | *gʷritobis |
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Middle Irish: gerthiut (3sg. with suffixed pronoun)
References
[edit]- ^ Schumacher, Stefan, Schulze-Thulin, Britta (2004) Die keltischen Primärverben: ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon [The Celtic Primary Verbs: A comparative, etymological and morphological lexicon] (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 110) (in German), Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck, →ISBN, pages 372-373