-itus
Latin
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *-tós, suffix forming possessive adjectives from nouns (compare -ātus), combined with preceding material of uncertain origin (different words may have different sources of -ī-). According to one hypothesis, some words ending in -ītus are "decasuative" formations derived from former inflected noun forms that ended in -ī, such as the instrumental singular form of i-stem nouns or the genitive singular of o-stem nouns. For example, in crīnītus (“long-haired”), the ending -ītus may be from instrumental *-ih₁ + *-to-.[1] But this type of derivation is disputed. Other words may have been formed by analogy. It is often difficult to distinguish the adjectival ending from the fourth-conjugation participial ending, and in some cases fourth-conjugation verbs may have been derived from original adjectives by back-formation; for example, the occurrence of the finite verb form crīnītur in Statius is presumably based on reinterpretation of crīnītus as a participle.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /iː.tus/, [iːt̪ʊs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /i.tus/, [it̪us]
Suffix
[edit]-ītus (feminine -īta, neuter -ītum); first/second-declension suffix
- Used to form adjectives
Declension
[edit]First/second-declension adjective.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
| nominative | -ītus | -īta | -ītum | -ītī | -ītae | -īta | |
| genitive | -ītī | -ītae | -ītī | -ītōrum | -ītārum | -ītōrum | |
| dative | -ītō | -ītae | -ītō | -ītīs | |||
| accusative | -ītum | -ītam | -ītum | -ītōs | -ītās | -īta | |
| ablative | -ītō | -ītā | -ītō | -ītīs | |||
| vocative | -īte | -īta | -ītum | -ītī | -ītae | -īta | |
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /i.tus/, [ɪt̪ʊs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /i.tus/, [it̪us]
Suffix
[edit]-itus (feminine -ita, neuter -itum); first/second-declension suffix
- Alternative form of -tus
Declension
[edit]First/second-declension adjective.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
| nominative | -itus | -ita | -itum | -itī | -itae | -ita | |
| genitive | -itī | -itae | -itī | -itōrum | -itārum | -itōrum | |
| dative | -itō | -itae | -itō | -itīs | |||
| accusative | -itum | -itam | -itum | -itōs | -itās | -ita | |
| ablative | -itō | -itā | -itō | -itīs | |||
| vocative | -ite | -ita | -itum | -itī | -itae | -ita | |
Etymology 3
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /iː.tus/, [iːt̪ʊs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /i.tus/, [it̪us]
Suffix
[edit]-ītus (feminine -īta, neuter -ītum); first/second-declension suffix
- perfect passive participle of -iō (fourth conjugation)
Declension
[edit]First/second-declension adjective.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
| nominative | -ītus | -īta | -ītum | -ītī | -ītae | -īta | |
| genitive | -ītī | -ītae | -ītī | -ītōrum | -ītārum | -ītōrum | |
| dative | -ītō | -ītae | -ītō | -ītīs | |||
| accusative | -ītum | -ītam | -ītum | -ītōs | -ītās | -īta | |
| ablative | -ītō | -ītā | -ītō | -ītīs | |||
| vocative | -īte | -īta | -ītum | -ītī | -ītae | -īta | |
References
[edit]- ^ Fortson, B. W., IV. (2020). "Towards an assessment of decasuative derivation in Indo-European," Indo-European Linguistics, 8(1), 46-109. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/22125892-bja10004