-де

See also: Appendix:Variations of "de"

Kazakh

Alternative forms

• -да (-da), -та (-ta), -те (-te), -нда (-nda), -нде (-nde)

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *-de. Cognate with Kyrgyz -де (-de), Turkish -de.

Suffix

-де • (-de)

1. in, on, at (Denotes locative case)

   ‎көл (köl, “a lake”) + ‎-де (-de) → ‎көлге (kölge, “to a lake”)

Usage notes

This suffix has special endings -нда/-нде, when the third person possessive suffix is added

• беті + -нде = бетінде (at his/her face)

See also

• -сі (-sı, “third-person possessive suffix”)
• -ні (-nı, “accusative case”)
• -нің (-nıñ, “genitive case”)
• -ге (-ge, “dative case”)
• -ден (-den, “ablative case”)
• -мен (-men, “instrumental case”)

Russian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [dʲe]

Particle

-де • (-de)

1. (slang) Used to indicate a shift in the speaker