-τέος

Ancient Greek

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /té.os/ → /ˈte.os/ → /ˈte.os/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /té.os/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈte.os/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈte.os/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈte.os/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈte.os/

Suffix

-τέος • (-téos) m (feminine -τέᾱ, neuter -τέον); first/second declension

1. creates verbal adjectives of necessity, either active or passive (accented on the penultima)

   ‎διώκω (diṓkō, “I pursue”) + ‎-τέος (-téos) → ‎διωκτέος (diōktéos, “what must be pursued”)

   ‎σκέπτομαι (sképtomai, “I consider”) + ‎-τέος (-téos) → ‎σκεπτέος (skeptéos, “what must be considered”)

   ‎βιάζω (biázō, “I overpower”) + ‎-τέος (-téos) → ‎βιαστέος (biastéos, “who must overpower”)

   ‎διαλύω (dialúō, “I dissolve”) + ‎-τέος (-téos) → ‎διαλυτέος (dialutéos, “who must dissolve”)

Usage examples

1. Impersonal construction

   καὶ ὡς ᾔσθοντο τῶν λόγων, ἔδοξεν αὐτοῖς παριτητέα ἐς τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους εἶναι

   kaì hōs ḗisthonto tôn lógōn, édoxen autoîs paritētéa es toùs Lakedaimoníous eînai

   and when they had heard the speeches, it seemed to them to be necessary to appear before the Spartans.

2. personal construction

   Regular usage

   1. ταῦτα μὲν οὖν, ὦ ἄνδρες δικασταί, τούτοις ποιητέα ἦν

      taûta mèn oûn, ô ándres dikastaí, toútois poiētéa ên

      Well then, O men of the jury, this was (bound) to be done by these (men) .

   Usage with article

   1. περὶ μὲν δὴ τῶν ὑμῖν πρακτέων καθ’ ὑμᾶς αὐτοὺς ὕστερον βουλεύσεσθε, ἂν σωφρονῆτε

      perì mèn dḕ tôn humîn praktéōn kath’ humâs autoùs hústeron bouleúsesthe, àn sōphronête

      Indeed, concerning what is to be done by you, you will subsequently deliberate by yourselves, if you are sensible.

Declension

First and second declension of -τέος; -τέᾱ; -τέον (necessity, Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		-τέος -téos	-τέᾱ -téā	-τέον -téon		-τέω -téō	-τέᾱ -téā	-τέω -téō		-τέοι -téoi	-τέαι -téai	-τέᾰ -téa
Genitive		-τέου -téou	-τέᾱς -téās	-τέου -téou		-τέοιν -téoin	-τέαιν -téain	-τέοιν -téoin		-τέων -téōn	-τέων -téōn	-τέων -téōn
Dative		-τέῳ -téōi	-τέᾳ -téāi	-τέῳ -téōi		-τέοιν -téoin	-τέαιν -téain	-τέοιν -téoin		-τέοις -téois	-τέαις -téais	-τέοις -téois
Accusative		-τέον -téon	-τέᾱν -téān	-τέον -téon		-τέω -téō	-τέᾱ -téā	-τέω -téō		-τέους -téous	-τέᾱς -téās	-τέᾰ -téa
Vocative		-τέε -tée	-τέᾱ -téā	-τέον -téon		-τέω -téō	-τέᾱ -téā	-τέω -téō		-τέοι -téoi	-τέαι -téai	-τέᾰ -téa
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		-τέως -téōs				-τεώτερος -teṓteros				-τεώτᾰτος -teṓtatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

References

• Palmer (2021), Intermediate Ancient Greek Language, ANU Press, pages 61-68