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-ας

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Ancient Greek

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-ᾱς (-ās)

  1. The nominative singular ending of masculine first-declension nouns in most dialects. Replaced by -ης (-ēs) in all cases in Ionic, and in most cases in Attic.
  2. The genitive singular ending of feminine first-declension nouns and adjectives in many dialects. Replaced by -ης (-ēs) in all cases in Ionic, and in most cases in Attic.
  3. The accusative plural ending of all first-declension nouns and adjectives in many dialects. -ᾰς (-as) or -ᾰνς (-ans), -αις (-ais), and -αιρ (-air) are used by dialects attested from inscriptions.

Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-ᾰς (-as)

  1. The accusative plural ending of most third-declension nouns and many third-declension adjectives. -ᾰνς (-ans) is also used in the Cretan dialect.
  2. The accusative plural ending of first-declension nouns and adjectives in various dialects attested in inscriptions: see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension § First declension.

Etymology 3

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Metanalysis of *-sants, a combination of the typical suffix of the first aorist active stem *-sa and *-nts (from Proto-Indo-European *-onts). Several other participial formations also descend from a form in *-nts: the present active -ων (-ōn), the second aorist active in -ών (-ṓn), the contracted present active and contracted future active in -ῶν (-ôn), the aorist passive in -είς (-eís), and several present active and aorist active athematic forms like ἱστᾱ́ς (histā́s) and στᾱ́ς (stā́s).

Suffix

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-ας (-asm (feminine -ᾱσᾰ, neuter -ᾰν); first/third declension

  1. first aorist active participle ending
    δειξ- (deix-, first aorist stem of δείκνῡμι (deíknūmi)) + ‎-ας (-as) → ‎δείξᾱς (deíxās)
    λῡσ- (lūs-, first aorist stem of λῡ́ω (lū́ō)) + ‎-ας (-as) → ‎λῡ́σᾱς (lū́sās)
    μειν- (mein-, first aorist stem of μένω (ménō)) + ‎-ας (-as) → ‎μείνᾱς (meínās)
Inflection
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