𒂊𒌍𒄯
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Hittite
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Anatolian *ʔésHr̥ (genitive *ʔsHanós), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésh₂r̥ (genitive *h₁sh₂éns). Anatolian cognates include Cuneiform Luwian 𒀀𒀸𒄩𒅈 (āšḫar, “blood”). Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek ἔαρ (éar), Sanskrit असृज् (asṛj), Old Armenian արիւն (ariwn), and Old Latin assyr/Latin sanguis. Original PIE heteroclitic inflection has been preserved in Hittite, with a shift from proterodynamic to hysterodynamic class.
Noun
[edit]𒂊𒌍𒄯 • (e-eš-ḫar) n /ʔesχr̩/
Inflection
[edit]IPA=isħːá abs_sg_ipa=ɛ́ːsħːr̩ dat_sg_ipa=isħːáni ins_sg_ipa=isħːánt, isħːánitPlease see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
| Broad transcription | ||
|---|---|---|
| heteroclitic noun | ||
| Neuter gender | Singular | Plural |
| nominative | ēšḫar | – |
| accusative | ēšḫar | – |
| genitive | išḫanaš | – |
| dative-locative | išḫani | – |
| allative | išḫana | – |
| ablative | išḫanaz(a) | – |
| instrumental | išḫanta, išḫanit | – |
| Cuneiform | ||
|---|---|---|
| heteroclitic noun | ||
| Neuter gender | Singular | Plural |
| nominative | 𒂊𒌍𒄯 | – |
| e-eš-ḫar | ||
| accusative | 𒂊𒌍𒄯 | – |
| e-eš-ḫar | ||
| genitive | 𒅖𒄩𒈾𒀸 | – |
| iš-ḫa-na-aš | ||
| dative-locative | 𒅖𒄩𒉌 | – |
| iš-ḫa-ni | ||
| allative | 𒅖𒄩𒈾 | – |
| iš-ḫa-na | ||
| ablative | 𒅖𒄩𒈾𒊍 | – |
| iš-ḫa-na-az | ||
| instrumental | 𒅖𒄩𒀭𒋫, 𒅖𒄩𒉌𒀉 | – |
| iš-ḫa-an-ta, iš-ḫa-ni-it | ||
| The desinences in this table have been normalized. For alternative endings see Appendix:Hittite declension | ||
Derived terms
[edit]- 𒅖𒄩𒉡𒉿𒀭𒍝 (iš-ḫa-nu-wa-an-za, “bloody”)
- 𒂊𒌍𒄩𒀸𒃷𒍝 (e-es-ḫa-aš-kán-za, “bloodied”)
- 𒅖𒄯𒉿𒀭𒍝 (is-ḫar-wa-an-za, “bloody”)
- 𒂊𒌍𒄯𒉡𒍣 (e-eš-ḫar-nu-uz-zi, “to make bloody, to smear with blood”)
References
[edit]- Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 256ff