𑆦𑆴𑆫𑆅

Apabhramsa

Etymology

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀨𑀺𑀭𑀇 (phiraï), from Ashokan Prakrit *𑀨𑀺𑀭𑀢𑀺 (*phirati).

Verb

𑆦𑆴𑆫𑆅 (phiraï) (intransitive) (Ṭakka)

1. to move, turn, wander
   • c. 1000 – 1100, Abdur Rahman, Sandeśa-Rāsaka 3.168:

     𑆠𑆴𑆬𑆶 𑆨𑆳𑆬𑆪𑆬𑆴 𑆠𑆶𑆫𑆑𑇀𑆑𑆴 𑆠𑆴𑆬𑆑𑇀𑆑𑆴𑆮𑆴
     𑆑𑆶𑆁𑆑𑆶𑆩𑆴 𑆖𑆁𑆢𑆟𑆴 𑆠𑆟𑆶 𑆖𑆖𑇀𑆖𑆁𑆑𑆴𑆮𑆴 𑇅
     𑆱𑆾𑆫𑆁𑆝𑆲𑆴𑆁 𑆑𑆫𑆴 𑆬𑆴𑆪𑆠𑆴 𑆦𑆴𑆫𑆁𑆠𑆴𑆲𑆴
     𑆢𑆴𑆮𑇀𑆮-𑆩𑆤𑆾𑆲𑆫𑆶 𑆓𑆼𑆇 𑆓𑆴𑆫𑆁𑆠𑆴𑆲𑆴 𑇆𑇑𑇖𑇘𑇆

     tilu bhālayali turakki tilakkivi
     kuṃkumi caṃdaṇi taṇu caccaṃkivi .
     soraṃḍahiṃ kari liyati phiraṃtihi
     divva-manoharu geu giraṃtihi .168.

     • 1999 translation by Harivallabh Bhayani

       168. [The women] put on a sharply-designed tilak mark
       besmear their body with kumkum and sandalwood paste
       move around carrying a beauty box in their hand
       and sing divine, charming songs.

Descendants

Descendants

• Central Indo-Aryan:
  • Eastern Hindi:
    • Old Awadhi: phiraï

      Devanagari script: फिरइ

      Kaithi script: 𑂤𑂱𑂩𑂅

      • Awadhi: फिरब (phirab)
      • Bagheli: फिरब (phirab)
      • Chhattisgarhi: फिरना (phirnā)
  • Western Hindi:
    • Old Hindi: फिरना (phiranā)
      • Braj: फिरन (phiran)
      • Haryanvi: फिरणा (phirṇā), फिरना (phirnā)
      • Middle Hindi: پھرنا (phrna /⁠phiranā⁠/)
        • Hindustani: phirnā, phernā

          Hindi: फिरना, फेरना

          Urdu: پِھرْنا, پھیرْنا

• Eastern Indo-Aryan:
  • Bihari:
    • Bhojpuri: phiral

      Devanagari script: फिरल

      Kaithi script: 𑂤𑂱𑂩𑂪

    • Magahi:

      Devanagari script: फिरल (phiral), फेरल (phēral)

      Kaithi script: 𑂤𑂱𑂩𑂪 (phiral), 𑂤𑂵𑂩𑂪 (pheral)

    • Maithili: phirab

      Devanagari script: फिरब

      Tirhuta script: 𑒤𑒱𑒩𑒥

    • Sadri: फिरेक (phirek)
  • Bengali-Assamese:
    • Chakma: phira, phire

      Bengali script: ফির, ফিরে

      Chakma script: 𑄜𑄨𑄢𑄧, 𑄜𑄨𑄢𑄬

    • Middle Bengali: ফির (phir)
      • Bengali: ফেরা (phera) (< Ashokan Prakrit *𑀨𑀺𑀭𑀢𑀺 ~ *𑀨𑁂𑀭𑀬𑀢𑀺 (*phirati ~ *pherayati))
    • Odia: ଫେରିବା (pheribā)
    • Halbi: फीरूक
• Northern Indo-Aryan:
  • Central Pahari:
    • Garhwali: फिरणो (phirṇo)
    • Kumaoni: फिरणो
  • Eastern Pahari:
    • Doteli: फिरनु (phiranu), फिर्नु (phirnu)
    • Nepali: फिर्नु (phirnu)
  • Western Pahari:
    • Dogri: phirnā

      Devanagari script: फिरना

      Dogra script: 𑠟𑠭𑠤𑠝𑠬

• Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
  • Punjabic:
    • Old Punjabi: ਫਿਰਿ (phiri)
      • Punjabi: phirnā

        Gurmukhi script: ਫਿਰਨਾ

        Shahmukhi script: پھِرْنا

      • Saraiki: phiraṇ

        Devanagari script: फिरण (phiraṇ)

        Multani script: 𑊜𑊢𑊕 (phrṇ /⁠phiraṇ⁠/)

        Shahmukhi script: پِھرَݨ

  • Sindhic:
    • Kachchi: phirṇũ

      Gujarati script: ફિરણું

      Khudawadi script: 𑋓𑋡𑋙𑋌𑋣𑋟

    • Sindhi: phiraṇu

      Arabic script: ڦِرَڻُ

      Devanagari script: फिरणु

      Khudawadi script: 𑋓𑋡𑋙𑋌𑋣

• Southern Indo-Aryan:
  • Marathi:

    Devanagari script: फिरणे (phirṇe)

    Modi script: 𑘣𑘲𑘨𑘜𑘹 (phīrṇe)

  • Varhadi:

    Devanagari script: फिरनं (phirna)

    Modi script: 𑘣𑘲𑘨𑘡𑘽 (phīrna)

• Western Indo-Aryan:
  • Ahirani: फिरनं (phirna)
  • Old Gujarati: फिरिवउं (phirivaüṃ)
    • Dhundhari: फरबो (pharbo)
    • Gojri: پِھرْنو (phirno)
    • Gujarati: ફરવું (pharvũ)
    • Malvi: फिरणो (phirṇo)
    • Marwari: phirṇau

      Devanagari script: फिरणौ

      Mahajani script: 𑅩𑅑𑅭𑅢𑅒 (phirṇu /⁠phirṇau⁠/)

    • Mewari: फरणो (pharṇo)
    • Wagdi: फरवु
  • Romani: phirel

References

More information

Further reading

• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “*phirati”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 510