𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙

Prakrit

Alternative forms

• 𑀅𑀘𑁆𑀙 (accha), 𑀭𑀺𑀁𑀙 (riṃcha), 𑀭𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔 (rikkha)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₂ŕ̥tḱos

Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hŕ̥ćšas

Sanskrit ऋक्ष (ṛkṣa)

Prakrit 𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙 (riccha)

Inherited from Sanskrit ऋक्ष (ṛkṣa), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hŕ̥ćšas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ŕ̥tḱos. Cognate with Pali accha.

Noun

𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙 (riccha) m (Devanagari रिच्छ, Kannada ರಿಚ್ಛ) (Māhārāṣṭrī, Śaurasenī)

1. bear

Declension

Maharastri declension of 𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙 (masculine)
	singular	plural
Nominative	𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑁄 (riccho)	𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀸 (ricchā)
Accusative	𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀁 (ricchaṃ)	𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑁂 (ricche) or 𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀸 (ricchā)
Instrumental	𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑁂𑀡 (riccheṇa) or 𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑁂𑀡𑀁 (riccheṇaṃ)	𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑁂𑀳𑀺 (ricchehi) or 𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (ricchehiṃ)
Dative	𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀸𑀅 (ricchāa)	—
Ablative	𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀸𑀑 (ricchāo) or 𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀸𑀉 (ricchāu) or 𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀸 (ricchā) or 𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ricchāhi) or 𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ricchāhiṃto)	—
Genitive	𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀲𑁆𑀲 (ricchassa)	𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀸𑀡 (ricchāṇa) or 𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀸𑀡𑀁 (ricchāṇaṃ)
Locative	𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (ricchammi) or 𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑁂 (ricche)	𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑁂𑀲𑀼 (ricchesu) or 𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (ricchesuṃ)
Vocative	𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙 (riccha) or 𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀸 (ricchā)	𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀸 (ricchā)

Descendants

• Central Indo-Aryan:
  • Hindustani:

    Hindi: रीछ (rīch)

    Urdu: ریچھ (rech)

• Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
  • Pahari-Potwari: رِچّھ (ricch)
  • Punjabi:

    Gurmukhi script: ਰਿੱਛ (riccha)

    Shahmukhi script: رِچّھ (ricch)

  • Sindhi:

    Arabic script: رِڇُ (richu)

    Devanagari script: रिछु (richu)

• Southern Indo-Aryan:
  • Old Marathi:

    Devanagari script: रिहस (rihasa)

    Modi script: 𑘨𑘱𑘮𑘭 (rihasa)

    • Marathi: रीस (rīs)
• Western Indo-Aryan:
  • Gujarati: રીંછ (rī̃ch)
  • ⇒ Romani: hirč

References

• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “ŕ̊kṣa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
• Pischel, Richard, Jha, Subhadra (contributor) (1957) Comparative Grammar of the Prakrit Languages, Varanasi: Motilal Banarasidass, page 223
• Woolner, Alfred Cooper, An Introduction to Prakrit‎, Calcutta: Baptist Mission Press, 1917, page 19.