𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢

Prakrit

Alternative forms

• 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢 (khĕtta) — Jain Māhārāṣṭrī

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *teḱ-

Proto-Indo-European *tḱey-

Proto-Indo-European *-tḗr

Proto-Indo-European *-trom

Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćšáytram

Sanskrit क्षेत्र॑ (kṣétra)

Prakrit 𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢 (chĕtta)

Inherited from Sanskrit क्षेत्र॑ (kṣétra), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćšáytram, from Proto-Indo-European *tḱey- + *-trom. Cognate with Pali khetta.

Noun

𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢 (chĕtta) n (Devanagari छेत्त, Kannada ಛೆತ್ತ) (Māhārāṣṭrī)

1. field
   • c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 821:

     𑀅𑀯𑁆𑀯𑁄! 𑀡 𑀆𑀫𑀺 𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀁 𑀔𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀉 𑀲𑀸𑀮𑀻 𑀯𑀺 𑀓𑀻𑀭-𑀡𑀺𑀯𑀳𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁
     𑀚𑀸𑀡𑀁𑀢𑀸 𑀅𑀯𑀺 𑀧𑀳𑀺𑀆 𑀧𑀼𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀁𑀢𑀺 𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁄-𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁄 𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀁

     avvo! ṇa āmi chĕttaṃ khajjaü sālī vi kīra-ṇivahehiṃ
     jāṇaṃtā avi pahiā pucchaṃti puṇo-puṇo maggaṃ

     • 2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken

       I won’t go to the field. What do I care if the parrots eat all the paddy.
       Whenever I’m there, travellers keep asking me the way, which they know perfectly well.

Declension

Maharastri declension of 𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢 (neuter)
	singular	plural
Nominative	𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀁 (chĕttaṃ)	𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇𑀁 (chĕttāiṃ) or 𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇 (chĕttāi)
Accusative	𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀁 (chĕttaṃ)	𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇𑀁 (chĕttāiṃ) or 𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇 (chĕttāi)
Instrumental	𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀡 (chĕtteṇa) or 𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀡𑀁 (chĕtteṇaṃ)	𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀳𑀺 (chĕttehi) or 𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (chĕttehiṃ)
Dative	𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀅 (chĕttāa)	—
Ablative	𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀑 (chĕttāo) or 𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀉 (chĕttāu) or 𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸 (chĕttā) or 𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀳𑀺 (chĕttāhi) or 𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (chĕttāhiṃto)	—
Genitive	𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀲𑁆𑀲 (chĕttassa)	𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀡 (chĕttāṇa) or 𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀡𑀁 (chĕttāṇaṃ)
Locative	𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (chĕttammi) or 𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂 (chĕtte)	𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀲𑀼 (chĕttesu) or 𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (chĕttesuṃ)
Vocative	𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢 (chĕtta) or 𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸 (chĕttā)	𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇𑀁 (chĕttāiṃ) or 𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇 (chĕttāi)

Descendants

• Southern Indo-Aryan:
  • Konkani: śet

    Devanagari script: शेत

    Kannada script: ಶೆತ್

    Latin script: xet

  • Old Marathi: seta

    Modi script: 𑘭𑘹𑘝

    Devanagari script: सेत

    • Marathi: शेत (śet)
• Western Indo-Aryan:
  • Gujarati: (Jhalawad) છેતર (chetar)

References

• E.B. Cowell (1868) The Prákṛit Prakáśa‎^[1], London: Trübner & Co., page 127
• Pischel, Richard, Jha, Subhadra (contributor) (1957) Comparative Grammar of the Prakrit Languages, Varanasi: Motilal Banarasidass, page 77
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “kṣḗtra”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press