𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥

Prakrit

Alternative forms

• *𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤 (*gidda) — reconstructed based on descendants

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit 𑀕𑀾𑀥𑁆𑀭 (gṛ́dhra). Cognate with Pali gaddha, giddha.

Adjective

𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥 (giddha) (Devanagari गिद्ध)

1. greedy, lustful

Declension

Maharastri declension of 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥 (masculine)
	singular	plural
Nominative	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁄 (giddho)	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸 (giddhā)
Accusative	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀁 (giddhaṃ)	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂 (giddhe) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸 (giddhā)
Instrumental	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂𑀡 (giddheṇa) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂𑀡𑀁 (giddheṇaṃ)	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂𑀳𑀺 (giddhehi) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (giddhehiṃ)
Dative	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀅 (giddhāa)	—
Ablative	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀑 (giddhāo) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀉 (giddhāu) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸 (giddhā) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀳𑀺 (giddhāhi) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (giddhāhiṃto)	—
Genitive	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀲𑁆𑀲 (giddhassa)	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀡 (giddhāṇa) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀡𑀁 (giddhāṇaṃ)
Locative	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (giddhammi) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂 (giddhe)	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂𑀲𑀼 (giddhesu) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (giddhesuṃ)
Vocative	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥 (giddha) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸 (giddhā)	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸 (giddhā)

Maharastri declension of 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸 (feminine)
	singular	plural
Nominative	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸 (giddhā)	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀑 (giddhāo) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀉 (giddhāu) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸 (giddhā)
Accusative	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀁 (giddhaṃ)	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀑 (giddhāo) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀉 (giddhāu) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸 (giddhā)
Instrumental	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀏 (giddhāe) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀇 (giddhāi) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀅 (giddhāa)	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀳𑀺 (giddhāhi) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁 (giddhāhiṃ)
Dative	—	—
Ablative	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀑 (giddhāo) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀉 (giddhāu)	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (giddhāhiṃto)
Genitive	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀏 (giddhāe) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀇 (giddhāi) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀅 (giddhāa)	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀡 (giddhāṇa) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀡𑀁 (giddhāṇaṃ)
Locative	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀏 (giddhāe) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀇 (giddhāi) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀅 (giddhāa)	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀲𑀼 (giddhāsu) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀲𑀼𑀁 (giddhāsuṃ)
Vocative	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂 (giddhe) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸 (giddhā)	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀑 (giddhāo) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀉 (giddhāu) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸 (giddhā)

Maharastri declension of 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥 (neuter)
	singular	plural
Nominative	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀁 (giddhaṃ)	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀇𑀁 (giddhāiṃ) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀇 (giddhāi)
Accusative	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀁 (giddhaṃ)	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀇𑀁 (giddhāiṃ) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀇 (giddhāi)
Instrumental	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂𑀡 (giddheṇa) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂𑀡𑀁 (giddheṇaṃ)	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂𑀳𑀺 (giddhehi) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (giddhehiṃ)
Dative	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀅 (giddhāa)	—
Ablative	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀑 (giddhāo) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀉 (giddhāu) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸 (giddhā) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀳𑀺 (giddhāhi) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (giddhāhiṃto)	—
Genitive	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀲𑁆𑀲 (giddhassa)	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀡 (giddhāṇa) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀡𑀁 (giddhāṇaṃ)
Locative	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (giddhammi) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂 (giddhe)	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂𑀲𑀼 (giddhesu) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (giddhesuṃ)
Vocative	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥 (giddha) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸 (giddhā)	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀇𑀁 (giddhāiṃ) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀇 (giddhāi)

Noun

𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥 (giddha) m (Devanagari गिद्ध, Gujarati ગિદ્ધ, Kannada ಗಿದ್ಧ) (Māhārāṣṭrī, Ardhamāgadhī, Jain Māhārāṣṭrī, Māgadhī, Śaurasenī)

1. vulture
   • c. 1122 – 1123, Devendra, Uttarādhyayana-Vṛtti II. Saṇaṃkumāra, page 25, lines 16 – 19:

     𑀢𑀢𑁆𑀣 𑀅𑀡𑀲𑀡𑀁 𑀓𑀸𑀊𑀡 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯-𑀤𑀺𑀲𑀫𑁆-𑀅𑀤𑁆𑀥-𑀫𑀸𑀲𑀁 𑀓𑀸𑀉𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂𑀡 𑀞𑀺𑀑, 𑀏𑀯𑀁 𑀲𑁂𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀼-𑀯𑀺 𑀤𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀼 𑀅𑀤𑁆𑀥-𑀫𑀸𑀲𑀁 𑀅𑀤𑁆𑀥-𑀫𑀸𑀲𑀁
     𑀢𑀑 𑀧𑀺𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀏 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥-𑀓𑀸𑀬-𑀲𑀺𑀯𑁆-𑀆𑀈𑀳𑀺𑀁 𑀔𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀁𑀢𑁄 𑀧𑀻𑀟𑀁 𑀲𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀁 𑀲𑀳𑀺𑀬 𑀦𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸𑀭-𑀧𑀭𑁄 𑀫𑀸𑀭𑀺𑀉𑀁 𑀲𑁄𑀳𑀫𑁆𑀫-𑀓𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂 𑀇𑀁𑀤𑁄 𑀚𑀸𑀑

     tattha aṇasaṇaṃ kāūṇa puvva-disam-addha-māsaṃ kāussaggeṇa ṭhio, evaṃ sesāsu-vi disāsu addha-māsaṃ addha-māsaṃ
     tao piṭṭhīe giddha-kāya-siv-āīhiṃ khajjaṃto pīḍaṃ sammaṃ sahiya namŏkkāra-paro māriuṃ sohamma-kappe iṃdo jāo

     Abstaining from food he remained there in the East for half a month in the kāyotsarga posture and in the same way in the South, West etc., always for half a month.
     Thereupon, his back being eaten away by vultures, crows, and jackals, and other animals he bore the pain properly; devoted entirely to worship, he died, went to the Sohamma heaven and became Indra.

Declension

Magadhi declension of 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥 (masculine)
	singular	plural
Nominative	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂 (giddhe)	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸 (giddhā)
Accusative	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀁 (giddhaṃ)	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂 (giddhe)
Instrumental	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂𑀡 (giddheṇa) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂𑀡𑀁 (giddheṇaṃ)	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂𑀳𑀺 (giddhehi) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (giddhehiṃ)
Dative	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀅 (giddhāa)	—
Ablative	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀤𑁄 (giddhādo) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁄 (giddhatto) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (giddhāhiṃto) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀤𑀼 (giddhādu) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀳𑀺 (giddhāhi) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸 (giddhā)	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀰𑀼𑀁𑀢𑁄 (giddhaśuṃto) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂𑀰𑀼𑀁𑀢𑁄 (giddheśuṃto) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (giddhāhiṃto) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀳𑀺 (giddhāhi) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂𑀳𑀺 (giddhehi) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀑 (giddhāo) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀉 (giddhāu) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁄 (giddhatto) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀤𑁄 (giddhādo) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀤𑀼 (giddhādu)
Genitive	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀰𑁆𑀰 (giddhaśśa) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀳 (giddhāha)	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀡𑀁 (giddhāṇaṃ) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀳𑀁 (giddhāhaṃ)
Locative	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂 (giddhe) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀺 (giddhamhi) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (giddhammi)	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂𑀰𑀼 (giddheśu) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂𑀰𑀼𑀁 (giddheśuṃ)
Vocative	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥 (giddha) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂 (giddhe)	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸 (giddhā)

Maharastri declension of 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥 (masculine)
	singular	plural
Nominative	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁄 (giddho)	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸 (giddhā)
Accusative	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀁 (giddhaṃ)	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂 (giddhe) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸 (giddhā)
Instrumental	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂𑀡 (giddheṇa) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂𑀡𑀁 (giddheṇaṃ)	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂𑀳𑀺 (giddhehi) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (giddhehiṃ)
Dative	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀅 (giddhāa)	—
Ablative	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀑 (giddhāo) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀉 (giddhāu) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸 (giddhā) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀳𑀺 (giddhāhi) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (giddhāhiṃto)	—
Genitive	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀲𑁆𑀲 (giddhassa)	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀡 (giddhāṇa) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀡𑀁 (giddhāṇaṃ)
Locative	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (giddhammi) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂 (giddhe)	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂𑀲𑀼 (giddhesu) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (giddhesuṃ)
Vocative	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥 (giddha) or 𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸 (giddhā)	𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸 (giddhā)

Derived terms

• *𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥-𑀟 (*giddha-ḍa)
  • Bengali: গিধড় (gidhoṛ, “jackal”)
  • Hindustani:
    • Hindi: गीदड़ (gīdaṛ, “jackal”)
    • Urdu: گِیدَڑ (gīdaṛ, “jackal”)
  • Marathi: गिधाड (gidhāḍ, “vulture”)
  • Punjabi: ਗਿੱਦੜ (giddaṛ, “jackal”)
  • Sindhi: گِدَڙُ (gidaṛu, “jackal”)
  • ⇒ *𑀕𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥-𑀟-𑀓 (*giddha-ḍa-ka)
    • Gujarati: ગીધડું (gīdhḍũ)

Descendants

Descendants

• Gujarati: ગીધ (gīdh)
• Hindustani: giddh

  Hindi: गिद्ध

  Urdu: گِدّھ (giddh)

• Konkani: gīd

  Devanagari script: गीद

  Kannada script: ಗೀದ್

  Latin script: gid

• Maithili:

  Devanagari script: गिद्ध (giddha), गीध (gīdh)

  Tirhuta script: 𑒑𑒱𑒠𑓂𑒡 (giddha), 𑒑𑒲𑒡 (gīdha)

• Old Marathi:

  Devanagari script: गिध (gidha), गीद (gīda), गीध (gīdha)

  Modi script: 𑘐𑘲𑘟 (gīda), 𑘐𑘲𑘠 (gīdha)

• Odia: ଗୀଧ (gidha)

Further reading

• Sheth, Hargovind Das T[rikamcand] (1923–1928) “गिद्ध”, in पाइअ-सद्द-महण्णवो (in Hindi), Calcutta: [Published by the Author], page 294.
• Pischel, Richard, Jha, Subhadra (contributor) (1957) Comparative Grammar of the Prakrit Languages, Varanasi: Motilal Banarasidass, page 53
• Woolner, Alfred Cooper, An Introduction to Prakrit‎, Calcutta: Baptist Mission Press, 1917, page 24.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “gŕ̊dhra”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 227