𐽼𐽳𐽾𐽲𐽰𐽺
Old Uyghur
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- 𐽼𐽳𐽾𐽷𐽰𐽺 (pwrkʾn /burkan/), 𐽼𐽳𐽾𐽲𐽺 (pwrqn /burh(a)n/)
- بورقان (bwrqʾn /burkan/)
- 佛汗 (*bɨut̚ ɦan /bu(r)han/)
- 𐫛𐫇𐫡𐫄𐫀𐫗 (pwrγʾn /burġan/)
- 𐼔𐼇𐼘𐼖𐼀𐼎 (pwrqʾn /burxan/)
Etymology
[edit]Calque of Sanskrit बुद्धराजा (buddharājā, “Buddha-King”), nominalized compound of 𐽼𐽳𐽾 (bur, “Buddha”) + 𐽲𐽰𐽺 (han, kan, “ruler, khan”). First element in the compound is borrowed from Middle Chinese 佛 (bɨut̚, “Buddha”), ultimately from Sanskrit बुद्ध (buddha, “awake, enlightened”).
Compare the variant 𐽼𐽳𐽾𐽲𐽰𐽲𐽰𐽺 (burhagan, burkagan), with 𐽲𐽰𐽲𐽰𐽺 (kagan, “ruler, khagan”) as the second element and Proto-Koreanic *Pwutukye (“Buddha”) and its descendants, also with the meaning "king Buddha".
Noun
[edit]𐽼𐽳𐽾𐽲𐽰𐽺 (pwrqʾn /burhan/)
Declension
[edit]| singular | definite plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | 𐽼𐽳𐽾𐽲𐽰𐽺 (pwrqʾn) | 𐽼𐽳𐽾𐽲𐽰𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾 (pwrqʾnlʾr) |
| genitive | 𐽼𐽳𐽾𐽲𐽰𐽺𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (pwrqʾnnynk) | 𐽼𐽳𐽾𐽲𐽰𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (pwrqʾnlʾrnynk) |
| dative | 𐽼𐽳𐽾𐽲𐽰𐽺𐽷𐽰 (pwrqʾnkʾ) | 𐽼𐽳𐽾𐽲𐽰𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽷𐽰 (pwrqʾnlʾrkʾ) |
| accusative | 𐽼𐽳𐽾𐽲𐽰𐽺𐽶𐽲 (pwrqʾnyq) 𐽼𐽳𐽾𐽲𐽰𐽺𐽺𐽶 (pwrqʾnny) |
𐽼𐽳𐽾𐽲𐽰𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽲 (pwrqʾnlʾryq) 𐽼𐽳𐽾𐽲𐽰𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (pwrqʾnlʾrny) |
| locative | 𐽼𐽳𐽾𐽲𐽰𐽺𐾀𐽰 (pwrqʾntʾ) | 𐽼𐽳𐽾𐽲𐽰𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽰 (pwrqʾnlʾrtʾ) |
| ablative | 𐽼𐽳𐽾𐽲𐽰𐽺𐾀𐽶𐽺 (pwrqʾntyn) | 𐽼𐽳𐽾𐽲𐽰𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽶𐽺 (pwrqʾnlʾrtyn) |
| instrumental | 𐽼𐽳𐽾𐽲𐽰𐽺𐽶𐽺 (pwrqʾnyn) | 𐽼𐽳𐽾𐽲𐽰𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (pwrqʾnlʾryn) |
| equative | 𐽼𐽳𐽾𐽲𐽰𐽺𐽽𐽰 (pwrqʾnčʾ) | |
| directive | 𐽼𐽳𐽾𐽲𐽰𐽺𐽷𐽰𐽾𐽳 (pwrqʾnkʾrw) | |
| similative | 𐽼𐽳𐽾𐽲𐽰𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (pwrqʾnlʾyw) |
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “burḳan”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, pages 53, 54
- Wilkens, Jens (2021) “(1) burhan ~ burh(a)n”, in Handworterbuch des Altuigurischen, Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, pages 200, 201