𐽶𐽳𐾁

Old Uyghur

Alternative forms

• 𐽶𐽳𐽳𐾁 (ywwl /⁠yōl, yul⁠/)
• 𐫏𐫇𐫓 (ywl /⁠yol⁠/)

Etymology 1

From Proto-Turkic *yōl (“road, way”). Cognate with Chuvash ҫул (śul), Old Turkic 𐰖𐰆𐰞 (yol), Yakut суол (suol) and Turkish yol.

The sense luck is a semantic loan from Mongolic *jol (“luck”), itself from the same Proto-Turkic source.

Noun

𐽶𐽳𐾁 (ywl /yol/)

1. road, way, path

   Synonyms: 𐽶𐽳𐽾𐽶𐽷 (yorïk), 𐽰𐽳𐽾𐽳𐽷 (oruk), 𐾀𐽰𐽳 (tau)

   • c. 10th century, Xᵘāstvānīft manuscript (London)‎^[1], VII A 125. - 127. / Chuast_L 125 (Chuast 164) - Chuast_L 127 (Chuast 166)‎^[2]:

     𐫘𐫇𐫏𐫅𐫀 𐫁𐫡𐫇𐫇 𐫀𐫠𐫏𐫏 𐫀𐫀𐫃𐫇𐫓𐫇𐫃
     𐫏𐫇𐫓 𐫁𐫀𐫢𐫏𐫗𐫃𐫀 𐫎𐫀𐫖𐫇 𐫠𐫀𐫛𐫃𐫏𐫗𐫃𐫀
     𐫀𐫀𐫉𐫃𐫇𐫡𐫇𐫃𐫓𐫏𐫏 𐫏𐫇𐫓𐫠𐫀 𐫐𐫏𐫖 𐫎𐫏𐫘𐫀𐫡 [𐫵]

     Söde b[e]rüü ekii aġuluġ
     yol baḫïŋa ṭamu ḳap[ï]ġïŋa
     azġuruġlïï yolḳa kim téser[?]

     If one asks, "Who [comes] to the road that misleads
     to the beginning of the two poison roads
     [and] to the gate of Hell[?]"

   1. method, way of doing things

      Synonym: 𐽰𐽰𐾁 (al)

2. generation, lifespan
3. heavenly favor

   Synonym: 𐽲𐽳𐾀 (kut)

4. luck, fate

Declension

Declension of 𐽶𐽳𐾁

	singular	definite plural
nominative	𐽶𐽳𐾁 (ywl)	𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽾 (ywllʾr)
genitive	𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽺𐽳𐽺𐽷 (ywlnwnk)	𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ywllʾrnynk)
dative	𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽷𐽰 (ywlkʾ)	𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽷𐽰 (ywllʾrkʾ)
accusative	𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽳𐽲 (ywlwq) 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽺𐽶 (ywlny)	𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽲 (ywllʾryq) 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (ywllʾrny)
locative	𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽰 (ywltʾ)	𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽰 (ywllʾrtʾ)
ablative	𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽶𐽺 (ywltyn)	𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽶𐽺 (ywllʾrtyn)
instrumental	𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽳𐽺 (ywlwn)	𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (ywllʾryn)
equative	𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽽𐽰 (ywlcʾ)
directive	𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽷𐽰𐽾𐽳 (ywlkʾrw)
similative	𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (ywllʾyw)

Derived terms

• 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽰𐽹𐽰𐽷 (yolamak, “to take on one's way”)
• 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽽𐽶 (yolčï, “guide”)
• 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽶 (yolï, “... times”)
• 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽳𐽶𐽱𐽶𐾀𐽷𐽳𐽽𐽶 (yoloyvïtgučï, “smuggler”)
• 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽳𐽷𐽹𐽰𐽷 (yolukmak, “to meet”)

Descendants

• Western Yugur: jol (yol, “way, path; journey; mile; fate”)
  • ⇒ Western Yugur: jolaq (yolaɢ-, “to bid farewell, to worship”)

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *yul (“stream, brook, fountain”). Cognate with Chuvash çăл (çăl, “water well”), Karakhanid یُولْ (yul, “stream”) and Khakas чул (çul, “mountain stream”).

The variant form 𐽶𐽳𐽳𐾁 (ywwl), written with two waw instead of the expected one is influenced by the highness of the back vowel, /u/, compared to /o/.

Noun

𐽶𐽳𐾁 (ywl /yul/)

1. (hydrology) brook, stream, river
2. (geography) lake
3. (architecture) fountain

Declension

Declension of 𐽶𐽳𐾁

	singular	definite plural
nominative	𐽶𐽳𐾁 (ywl)	𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽾 (ywllʾr)
genitive	𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽺𐽳𐽺𐽷 (ywlnwnk)	𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ywllʾrnynk)
dative	𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽷𐽰 (ywlkʾ)	𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽷𐽰 (ywllʾrkʾ)
accusative	𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽳𐽲 (ywlwq) 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽺𐽶 (ywlny)	𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽲 (ywllʾryq) 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (ywllʾrny)
locative	𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽰 (ywltʾ)	𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽰 (ywllʾrtʾ)
ablative	𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽶𐽺 (ywltyn)	𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽶𐽺 (ywllʾrtyn)
instrumental	𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽳𐽺 (ywlwn)	𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (ywllʾryn)
equative	𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽽𐽰 (ywlcʾ)
directive	𐽶𐽳𐾁𐽷𐽰𐽾𐽳 (ywlkʾrw)
similative	𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (ywllʾyw)

Descendants

• → Salar: yul

References

• Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “yol”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 301
• Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “yul”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 304
• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “yo:l, yul”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 918-919
• Wilkens, Jens (2021) “(1) yol”, in Handworterbuch des Altuigurischen, Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, pages 911-912
• Wilkens, Jens (2021) “(1) yul”, in Handworterbuch des Altuigurischen, Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, page 918