𐎹𐎢𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎫𐎣𐎲𐎼𐎠

Old Persian

An early 5th century BC relief of a Macedonian soldier. This relief is from tomb of Xerxes I at Naqsh-e Rostam.

Etymology

From 𐎹𐎢𐎴𐎠 (y-u-n-a /⁠Yaunā⁠/, “Greek, Ionian”) +‎ 𐎫𐎣𐎲𐎼 (t-k-b-r /⁠takabara⁠/). Literally means "Greeks with hats that look like shields", probably a reference to the kausia hat typically worn by the ancient Macedonians.

Compare:

• 𐎿𐎣𐎠 𐏐 𐎫𐎡𐎥𐎼𐎧𐎢𐎭𐎠 (Sakā tigraxaudā, “a Scythian people”, literally “Sacae with pointed caps”)
• 𐎹𐎢𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎭𐎼𐎹 (y-u-n-a : t-y-i-y : p-r-d-r-y /⁠Yaunā tayaiy paradraya⁠/, literally “Greeks who are across the Sea”)
• 𐎹𐎢𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎼𐎹𐏃𐎹𐎠 (y-u-n-a : t-y-i-y : d-r-y-h-y-a /⁠Yaunā tayaiy drayahyā⁠/, literally “Greeks who are by the Sea”)
• 𐎹𐎢𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎢𐏁𐎣𐏃𐎹𐎠 (y-u-n-a : t-y-i-y : u-š-k-h-y-a /⁠Yaunā tayaiy uškahyā⁠/, literally “Greeks who are of the Mainland”).

Proper noun

𐎹𐎢𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎫𐎣𐎲𐎼𐎠 (Yaunā takabarā)

1. Ancient Macedonian (person)
   • DNa 27-30

     𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎲𐎠𐎹 𐏐 𐎸𐎢𐎭𐎼𐎠𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎡𐎴
     𐏐 𐎣𐎫𐎱𐎬𐎢𐎣 𐏐 𐎿𐎱𐎼𐎭 𐏐 𐎹𐎢𐎴 𐏐 𐎿𐎣𐎠 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎭𐎼𐎹
     𐏐 𐎿𐎤𐎢𐎭𐎼 𐏐 𐎹𐎢𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎫𐎣𐎲𐎼𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐎫𐎠𐎹𐎠
     𐏐 𐎤𐎢𐏁𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎶𐎨𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎣𐎠 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁

     : a-r-b-a-y : mu-u-d-r-a-y : a-r-mi-i-n
     : k-t-p-tu-u-k : s-p-r-d : y-u-n : s-k-a : t-y-i-y : p-r-d-r-y
     : s-ku-u-d-r : y-u-n-a : t-k-b-r-a : p-u-t-a-y-a
     : ku-u-š-i-y-a : m-c-i-y-a : k-r-k-a : θ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-š

     /: Arabāya : Mudrāya : Armina
     : Katpatuka : Sparda : Yauna : Sakā : tayaiy : paradraya
      : Skudra : Yaunā : takabarā : Putāyā
      : Kūšiyā : Maciyā : Karkā : θātiy : Dārayavauš/

     
     [...] Arabia, Egypt, Armenia,
     Cappadocia, Lydia, Greece, the Scythians who are across the Sea,
     Thrace, the Greeks who wear shield-like hats, Libya,
     Nubia, Maka, Caria. Saith Darius [...]

References

• Roisman, Joseph; Worthington, Ian (2010). A Companion to Ancient Macedonia. John Wiley and Sons. →ISBN, page 87