𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍄𐍃

Gothic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *wurt-, the oblique stem of Proto-Germanic *wrōts. Cognate to Old English wyrt and Old High German wurz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈwɔrts/

Noun

𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍄𐍃 • (waurts) f

2. (usually in the plural) root (part of a plant)
   • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Mark (Codex Argenteus) 4.6:

     𐌰𐍄 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌹𐌽 𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐌿𐍂𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌽 𐌿𐍆𐌱𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌽, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌿𐌽𐍄𐌴 𐌽𐌹 𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍄𐌹𐌽𐍃, 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌰.

     at sunnin þan urrinnandin ufbrann, jah untē ni habaida waurtins, gaþaursnōda.

     But when the sun was up, it was scorched; and because it had no root, it withered away. (KJV).

3. (figurative) root (primary source)
   • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Epistle to the Romans (Codex Ambrosianus A) 6.10:

     𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍄𐍃 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌿𐌲𐌴𐌹𐍂𐍉, 𐌸𐌹𐌶𐍉𐌶𐌴𐌹 𐍃𐌿𐌼𐌰𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌰𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌶𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌹 𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌸𐌿𐌽 𐌰𐍆 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹 𐌾𐌰𐍃~𐍃𐌹𐌺 𐍃𐌹𐌻𐌱𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌼 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌹𐌼.

     waurts allaizē ubilaizē ist faihugeirō, þizōzei sumai gairnjandans afairzidai waurþun af galaubeinai jas~sik silbans gaþiwaidēdun sairam managaim.

     For the love of money is the root of all evil: which while some coveted after, they have erred from the faith, and pierced themselves through with many sorrows. (KJV).

4. (figurative) lineage (descent)
   • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Epistle to the Romans (Codex Carolinus) 15.12:

     𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌰𐍆𐍄𐍂𐌰 𐌴𐍃𐌰𐌴𐌹𐌰𐍃 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌹𐌸: 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌹𐌸 𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍄𐍃 𐌹𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌹𐍃, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍃𐌰 𐌿𐍃𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌸 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐍉𐌼; 𐌳𐌿 𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐍉𐍃 𐍅𐌴𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳.

     jah aftra ēsaeias qiþiþ: wairþiþ waurts iaissaizis, jah sa usstandans reikinōþ þiudōm; du imma þiudōs wēnjand.

     And again, Esaias saith, There shall be a root of Jesse, and he that shall rise to reign over the Gentiles; in him shall the Gentiles trust. (KJV).

Declension

The dative singular is only attested as 𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌷𐍄𐌰𐌹 (waurhtai), which appears to be hypercorrect misspelling (though the reading is uncertain).

Feminine i-stem
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍄𐍃 waurts	𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍄𐌴𐌹𐍃 waurteis
Vocative	𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍄 waurt	𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍄𐌴𐌹𐍃 waurteis
Accusative	𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍄 waurt	𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍄𐌹𐌽𐍃 waurtins
Genitive	𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍄𐌰𐌹𐍃 waurtais	𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍄𐌴 waurtē
Dative	𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍄𐌰𐌹 waurtai	𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍄𐌹𐌼 waurtim

Holonyms

• (part of plant) 𐌱𐌰𐌲𐌼𐍃 (bagms, “tree”)

Derived terms

• 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍄𐍃 (gawaurts)

Related terms

• 𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍄𐌹𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌳𐍃 (aurtigards, “garden”)

See also

• 𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍃 (asts, “branch”)
• 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐌽𐌰𐌽 (gaþaursnan, “to dry up”)

Further reading

• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 171