𐍃𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽

Gothic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *swīną, from an adjectival form of Proto-Indo-European *suH-. Cognate to Old English swīn and Old Norse svín, and Latin suīnus (“porcine”, adjective).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈswiːn/

Noun

𐍃𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽 • (swein) n

2. pig (animal, Sus)
   • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Matthew (Codex Argenteus) 8.30:

     𐍅𐌰𐍃𐌿𐌷 𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍂𐌰 𐌹𐌼 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌳𐌰 𐍃𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌴 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 𐌷𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌰.

     wasuh þan fairra im hairda sweinē managaizē haldana.

     And there was a good way off from them an herd of many swine feeding. (KJV).

   • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Luke (Codex Argenteus) 15.16:

     𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐍃𐌰𐌳 𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌴, 𐌸𐍉𐌴𐌹 𐌼𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 𐍃𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌰 𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐌽𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐍆.

     jah gairnida sad itan haurnē, þōei matidēdun sweina, jah manna imma ni gaf.

     And he would fain have filled his belly with the husks that the swine did eat: and no man gave unto him. (KJV).

   • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Mark (Codex Argenteus) 5.12:

     𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌱𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 𐌹𐌽𐌰 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐍉𐍃 𐌸𐍉𐍃 𐌿𐌽𐌷𐌿𐌻𐌸𐍉𐌽𐍃 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃: 𐌹𐌽𐍃𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹 𐌿𐌽𐍃𐌹𐍃 𐌹𐌽 𐌸𐍉 𐍃𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰, 𐌴𐌹 𐌹𐌽 𐌸𐍉 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰.

     jah bēdun ina allōs þōs unhulþōns qiþandeins: insandei unsis in þō sweina, ei in þō galeiþaima.

     And all the devils besought him, saying, Send us into the swine, that we may enter into them. (KJV).

Declension

Neuter a-stem
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	𐍃𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽 swein	𐍃𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 sweina
Vocative	𐍃𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽 swein	𐍃𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 sweina
Accusative	𐍃𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽 swein	𐍃𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 sweina
Genitive	𐍃𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌹𐍃 sweinis	𐍃𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌴 sweinē
Dative	𐍃𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 sweina	𐍃𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌼 sweinam

Holonyms

• 𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌸𐌿𐍃 (wriþus, “herd of swine”)

Coordinate terms

• 𐌰𐌿𐌷𐍃𐌰 (auhsa, “ox”)
• 𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 (gaits, “goat”)
• 𐌻𐌰𐌼𐌱 (lamb, “sheep, lamb”)
• 𐌿𐌻𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌿𐍃 (ulbandus, “camel”)

Further reading

• Lehmann, Winfred P. (1986) “S. 180 *swein”, in A Gothic Etymological Dictionary, based on the 3rd ed. of Feist’s dictionary, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 334
• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 134