𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽

Gothic

Etymology

From 𐌲𐌰- (ga-) +‎ 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽 (sniwan).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡaˈsniwan/

Verb

𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽 • (gasniwan) (perfective)

1. to attain to
   • Romans 9:31:

     𐌹𐌸 𐌹𐍃𐍂𐌰𐌴𐌻 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌸 𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌱𐌹 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌸 𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌽𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌰𐌿.

     iþ israēl laistjands witōþ garaihteins bi witōþ garaihteins ni gasnau.

     But Israel, which followed after the law of righteousness, hath not attained to the law of righteousness. (KJV)

   • Philippians 3:16:

     𐌰𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐍃𐍅𐌴𐌸𐌰𐌿𐌷 𐌳𐌿 𐌸𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌴𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌴𐍅𐌿𐌼, 𐌴𐌹 𐍃𐌰𐌼𐍉 𐌷𐌿𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍃𐌰𐌼𐍉 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰, 𐍃𐌰𐌼𐍉𐌽 𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌰𐌽 𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹.

     aþþan swēþauh du þammei gasnēwum, ei samō hugjaima jah samō fraþjaima, samōn gaggan garaideinai.

     Nevertheless, whereto we have already attained, let us walk by the same rule, let us mind the same thing. (KJV)

Conjugation

Class 5 strong
Infinitive	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽 gasniwan
Indicative	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰 gasniwa	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌰𐌿 gasnau	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌳𐌰 gasniwada
2nd singular	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌹𐍃 gasniwis	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌰𐌿𐍄 gasnaut	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌶𐌰 gasniwaza
3rd singular	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌹𐌸 gasniwiþ	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌰𐌿 gasnau	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌳𐌰 gasniwada
1st dual	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐍉𐍃 gasniwōs	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌴𐍅𐌿 gasnewu	—
2nd dual	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐍄𐍃 gasniwats	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌴𐍅𐌿𐍄𐍃 gasnewuts	—
1st plural	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌼 gasniwam	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌴𐍅𐌿𐌼 gasnewum	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 gasniwanda
2nd plural	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌹𐌸 gasniwiþ	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌴𐍅𐌿𐌸 gasnewuþ	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 gasniwanda
3rd plural	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌳 gasniwand	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌴𐍅𐌿𐌽 gasnewun	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 gasniwanda
Subjunctive	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌿 gasniwau	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌴𐍅𐌾𐌰𐌿 gasnewjau	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 gasniwaidau
2nd singular	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍃 gasniwais	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌴𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍃 gasneweis	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿 gasniwaizau
3rd singular	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹 gasniwai	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌴𐍅𐌹 gasnewi	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 gasniwaidau
1st dual	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 gasniwaiwa	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌴𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 gasneweiwa	—
2nd dual	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 gasniwaits	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌴𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 gasneweits	—
1st plural	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 gasniwaima	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌴𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 gasneweima	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gasniwaindau
2nd plural	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌸 gasniwaiþ	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌴𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌸 gasneweiþ	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gasniwaindau
3rd plural	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 gasniwaina	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌴𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 gasneweina	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gasniwaindau
Imperative
2nd singular	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅 gasniw
3rd singular	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 gasniwadau
2nd dual	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐍄𐍃 gasniwats
2nd plural	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌹𐌸 gasniwiþ
3rd plural	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gasniwandau
	Present	Past
Participles	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 gasniwands	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽𐍃 gasniwans

Further reading

• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 126