좋다

Jeju

Etymology

Cognate with Korean 좋다 (jota).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ɕo̞tʰa̠/

Adjective

좋다 (johta)

1. to be good
2. to be amiable

Verb

좋다 (johta)

1. to recover

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 둏〯다〮 (Yale: tyǒhtá). Also attested in the Bullyu dugongbu si eonhae (分類杜工部詩諺解 / 분류두공부시언해), 1481, as Middle Korean 됴〯ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: tyǒ-hòtá).

됴〯ᄒᆞ다〮 appears to be the older form, cf. 만ᄒᆞ다 (Yale: man-hota) > 많다 (manta), ᄀᆞᆮᄒᆞ다 (Yale: kot-hota) > 같다 (gatda). This is a compound of the unknown element 됴〯 (Yale: tyǒ), potentially a Chinese character that underwent semantic nativisation given that this syllable does not occur in any other native Middle Korean word, and the adjective-deriving light verb ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: hòtá), modern 하다 (hada).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈt͡ɕo̞(ː)tʰa̠]

  • Audio:

    (file)

• Phonetic hangul: [조(ː)타]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	jota
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	johda
McCune–Reischauer?	chot'a
Yale Romanization?	cōhta

Adjective

좋다 • (jota) (infinitive 좋아, sequential 좋으니)

1. to be good; great; excellent (excellent and satisfactory in features and content)

   그거 좋은 생각입니다.

   geugeo jo'eun saenggag-imnida.

   Oh! That sounds good.

   그리고, 오늘 어떻습니까? 아주 좋아요, 감사합니다. 마크.

   geurigo, oneul eotteoseumnikka? - aju joayo, gamsahamnida. makeu.

   And how are you today? - Very well, thank you, Mark.

   오늘 오후에 들러요. — 좋아요.

   oneul ohue deulleoyo. - joayo.

   Come by this afternoon. — Okay.

   Original English texts from 2016, VOA Learning English (public domain)

2. to be good; nice (well-rounded and kind in personality)
3. to be good; kind (kind and gentle in speech and act)
4. to be good (above average in physical condition or health)
5. to have a lot of nerve (not caring about saving face or being shameless)
6. to be nice (sunny and clear)
7. to be enough; sufficient
8. to be good (having a lot of hair in good condition)
9. to be good; right (for a day or opportunity to be appropriate)
10. to be fond of; in love with (happy about and satisfied with a thing or object)

    좋으시면 그걸로 예약해 드릴 수 있습니다.

    jo'eusimyeon geugeollo yeyakhae deuril su itseumnida.

    I can book you for them if you like.

    새 아파트로 왔구나! 좋아!

    sae apateuro watguna! joa!

    I am in my new apartment! Great!

    • 2016, VOA Learning English‎^[1], archived from the original on 18 September 2017:
11. to be preferable, likeable

    난 축구보다 농구가 더 좋구나.

    nan chukguboda nonggu-ga deo jokuna.

    I like basketball more than football. (literally, "To me basketball is preferable to football.")

12. to be good (having a feeling, etc., of happiness and satisfaction)

    한국말을 더 잘 했으면 좋겠다.

    han'gungmar-eul deo jal haesseumyeon joketda.

    It would be nice if I spoke Korean better.

13. to be happy; okay (having no problems with behavior, work, etc.)
14. to be good; easy; convenient (easy or convenient to do something)
15. to be good (having qualities that are good for the body or health)

    아침에 일찍 일어나는 것은 건강에 좋다.

    achime iljjik ireonaneun geoseun geon'gang'e jota.

    Getting up early in the morning is good for one's health.

16. to be better (higher in quality or level compared to others)
17. to be good (close and friendly with each other)
18. to be favorable; positive (interpreting something in a way that is favorable to one side)
19. to be good; nice (the word used to express negation of, dissatisfaction with, a situation which has just been mentioned)
20. to be suitable; fit (appropriate for using as a material or doing something)

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the adjective 좋다 (jota): consonant-stem, regular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	좋다 jota	좋아 joa	좋아요 joayo	좋습니다 joseumnida
	Past	좋았다 joatda	좋았어 joasseo	좋았어요 joasseoyo	좋았습니다 joatseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	좋으냐 jo'eunya	좋아 joa	좋아요 joayo	좋습니까 joseumnikka
	Past	좋았냐 joannya	좋았어 joasseo	좋았어요 joasseoyo	좋았습니까 joatseumnikka
Assertive		좋겠다 joketda	좋겠어 jokesseo	좋겠어요 jokesseoyo	좋겠습니다 joketseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		좋아 joa	좋아서 joaseo	좋으니 jo'euni	좋으니까 jo'eunikka
Contrast		좋지만 jochiman	좋은데 jo'eunde	좋더니 joteoni
Conjunction		좋고 joko
Condition		좋으면 jo'eumyeon	좋아야 joaya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		좋음 jo'eum	좋기 joki
Past-tense verbal nouns		좋았음 joasseum	좋았기 joatgi
Determiners	Present		좋은 jo'eun
	Future		좋을 jo'eul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Plain (해라체)	Informal (해체)	Polite (해요체)	Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	좋으시다 jo'eusida	좋으셔 jo'eusyeo	좋으세요, 좋으셔요 jo'euseyo, jo'eusyeoyo	좋으십니다 jo'eusimnida
	Past	좋으셨다 jo'eusyeotda	좋으셨어 jo'eusyeosseo	좋으셨어요 jo'eusyeosseoyo	좋으셨습니다 jo'eusyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	좋으시냐 jo'eusinya	좋으셔 jo'eusyeo	좋으세요, 좋으셔요 jo'euseyo, jo'eusyeoyo	좋으십니까 jo'eusimnikka
	Past	좋으셨냐 jo'eusyeonnya	좋으셨어 jo'eusyeosseo	좋으셨어요 jo'eusyeosseoyo	좋으셨습니까 jo'eusyeotseumnikka
Assertive		좋으시겠다 jo'eusigetda	좋으시겠어 jo'eusigesseo	좋으시겠어요 jo'eusigesseoyo	좋으시겠습니다 jo'eusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		좋으셔 jo'eusyeo	좋으셔서 jo'eusyeoseo	좋으시니 jo'eusini	좋으시니까 jo'eusinikka
Contrast		좋으시지만 jo'eusijiman	좋으신데 jo'eusinde	좋으시더니 jo'eusideoni
Conjunction		좋으시고 jo'eusigo
Condition		좋으시면 jo'eusimyeon	좋으셔야 jo'eusyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		좋으심 jo'eusim	좋으시기 jo'eusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		좋으셨음 jo'eusyeosseum	좋으셨기 jo'eusyeotgi
Determiners	Present		좋으신 jo'eusin
	Future		좋으실 jo'eusil

Alternative forms

• (Pyeongan) 돟다 (dota)

Derived terms

• 좋아하다 (joahada, “to like”)