일어나다
Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 니러나다 (Yale: nilenata).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [iɾʌ̹na̠da̠]
Audio: (file)
- Phonetic hangul: [이러나다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | ireonada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | il'eonada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | irŏnada |
| Yale Romanization? | il.enata |
Verb
[edit]일어나다 • (ireonada) (infinitive 일어나, sequential 일어나니)
Usage notes
[edit]일어나다 (ireonada) has two forms for the 해라체 (haerache, “plain”) imperative. The blunt form is regular: 일어나라 (ireonara, “get up!”). The less blunt form is irregular: 일어나거라 (ireonageora, “arise!”). Other verbs with the irregular non-blunt form are 자다 (jada, “to sleep”), 자라다 (jarada, “to grow”), 가다 (gada, “to go”), and compound verbs ending in 가다 (gada).
Conjugation
[edit] Selected forms of the verb 일어나다 (ireonada): vowel-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 일어난다 ireonanda |
일어나 ireona |
일어나요 ireonayo |
일어납니다 ireonamnida |
| Past | 일어났다 ireonatda |
일어났어 ireonasseo |
일어났어요 ireonasseoyo |
일어났습니다 ireonatseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 일어나느냐 ireonaneunya |
일어나 ireona |
일어나요 ireonayo |
일어납니까 ireonamnikka |
| Past | 일어났느냐 ireonanneunya |
일어났어 ireonasseo |
일어났어요 ireonasseoyo |
일어났습니까 ireonatseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 일어나자 ireonaja |
일어나 ireona |
일어나요 ireonayo |
일어나십시다 ireonasipsida | |
| Imperative | 일어나라 ireonara |
일어나 ireona |
일어나요 ireonayo |
일어납시오 ireonapsio | |
| Assertive | 일어나겠다 ireonagetda |
일어나겠어 ireonagesseo |
일어나겠어요 ireonagesseoyo |
일어나겠습니다 ireonagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 일어나 ireona |
일어나서 ireonaseo |
일어나니 ireonani |
일어나니까 ireonanikka | |
| Contrast | 일어나지만 ireonajiman |
일어나는데 ireonaneunde |
일어나더니 ireonadeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 일어나고 ireonago |
||||
| Condition | 일어나면 ireonamyeon |
일어나야 ireonaya |
|||
| Motive | 일어나려고 ireonaryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 일어남 ireonam |
일어나기 ireonagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 일어났음 ireonasseum |
일어났기 ireonatgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 일어난 ireonan | |||
| Present | 일어나는 ireonaneun | ||||
| Future | 일어날 ireonal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 일어나신다 ireonasinda |
일어나셔 ireonasyeo |
일어나세요, 일어나셔요 ireonaseyo, ireonasyeoyo |
일어나십니다 ireonasimnida |
| Past | 일어나셨다 ireonasyeotda |
일어나셨어 ireonasyeosseo |
일어나셨어요 ireonasyeosseoyo |
일어나셨습니다 ireonasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 일어나시느냐 ireonasineunya |
일어나셔 ireonasyeo |
일어나세요, 일어나셔요 ireonaseyo, ireonasyeoyo |
일어나십니까 ireonasimnikka |
| Past | 일어나셨느냐 ireonasyeonneunya |
일어나셨어 ireonasyeosseo |
일어나셨어요 ireonasyeosseoyo |
일어나셨습니까 ireonasyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 일어나시라 ireonasira |
일어나셔 ireonasyeo |
일어나세요 ireonaseyo |
일어나십시오 ireonasipsio | |
| Assertive | 일어나시겠다 ireonasigetda |
일어나시겠어 ireonasigesseo |
일어나시겠어요 ireonasigesseoyo |
일어나시겠습니다 ireonasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 일어나셔 ireonasyeo |
일어나셔서 ireonasyeoseo |
일어나시니 ireonasini |
일어나시니까 ireonasinikka | |
| Contrast | 일어나시지만 ireonasijiman |
일어나시는데 ireonasineunde |
일어나시더니 ireonasideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 일어나시고 ireonasigo |
||||
| Condition | 일어나시면 ireonasimyeon |
일어나셔야 ireonasyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 일어나시려고 ireonasiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 일어나심 ireonasim |
일어나시기 ireonasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 일어나셨음 ireonasyeosseum |
일어나셨기 ireonasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 일어나신 ireonasin | |||
| Present | 일어나시는 ireonasineun | ||||
| Future | 일어나실 ireonasil | ||||
See also
[edit]- 눈뜨다 (nuntteuda)
References
[edit]- National Institute of the Korean Language (Naver.com mirror) (2007 June 3 (last accessed)) “일어나다 [ireonada]”, in 표준국어대사전 [pyojun'gugeodaesajeon][1]