새우다

Korean

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [sʰɛuda̠] ~ [sʰe̞uda̠]
Phonetic hangul: [새우다/세우다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization^?	sae'uda
Revised Romanization (translit.)^?	sae'uda
McCune–Reischauer^?	saeuda
Yale Romanization^?	saywuta

Etymology 1

새 (sae-) + 우 (-u-, causative suffix) + 다 (-da, suffix conventionally given for citation forms).

From Early Modern Korean 새오다 (saywota), ᄉᆡ오다 (soywota).

Verb

새우다 • (sae'uda) (infinitive 새워, sequential 새우니)

(transitive) to stay up all night
Synonyms: 밝히다 (balkida), (proscribed) 새다 (saeda)

밤 을 새우다 ― bam-eul sae'uda ― to stay up [all] night
- 1812, “Song 330”, in 청구영언 장서각본/靑丘永言藏書閣本 [Jangseogak edition of the Cheonggu yeong'eon]:
  울며 ᄌᆞᆸ은 ᄉᆞᄆᆡ ᄯᅥᆯ치고 가지 마소 / 草(초)原(원) 長(쟝)程(졍)에 ᄒᆡ 다 져무럿ᄂᆡ / 客(ᄀᆡᆨ)窓(창)에 殘(잔)燈(등) 도도고 새와 보면 알리라
  ulmyeo jabeun samae tteolchigo gaji maso / chowon jyangjyeong-e hae da jyeomureonnae / gaekchang-e jandeung dodogo saewa bomyeon allira
  Do not shake [me] off the sleeves that I have grabbed onto, weeping, and leave! The sun has all but set on the long path on the grassy field; when you stay up the night, raising a dying lamp before the window of some inn, you will know [and regret].

Conjugation

Selected forms of the verb 새우다 (sae'uda): vowel-stem, regular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	새운다 sae'unda	새워 saewo	새워요 saewoyo	새웁니다 sae'umnida
Indicative	Past	새웠다 saewotda	새웠어 saewosseo	새웠어요 saewosseoyo	새웠습니다 saewotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	새우느냐 sae'uneunya	새워 saewo	새워요 saewoyo	새웁니까 sae'umnikka
Interrogative	Past	새웠느냐 saewonneunya	새웠어 saewosseo	새웠어요 saewosseoyo	새웠습니까 saewotseumnikka
Hortative		새우자 sae'uja	새워 saewo	새워요 saewoyo	새우십시다 sae'usipsida
Imperative		새워라 saewora	새워 saewo	새워요 saewoyo	새웁시오 sae'upsio
Assertive		새우겠다 sae'ugetda	새우겠어 sae'ugesseo	새우겠어요 sae'ugesseoyo	새우겠습니다 sae'ugetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		새워 saewo	새워서 saewoseo	새우니 sae'uni	새우니까 sae'unikka
Contrast		새우지만 sae'ujiman	새우는데 sae'uneunde	새우더니 sae'udeoni
Conjunction		새우고 sae'ugo
Condition		새우면 sae'umyeon	새워야 saewoya
Motive		새우려고 sae'uryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		새움 sae'um	새우기 sae'ugi
Past-tense verbal nouns		새웠음 saewosseum	새웠기 saewotgi
Determiners	Past	새운 sae'un
	Present	새우는 sae'uneun
	Future	새울 sae'ul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	새우신다 sae'usinda	새우셔 sae'usyeo	새우세요, 새우셔요 sae'useyo, sae'usyeoyo	새우십니다 sae'usimnida
Indicative	Past	새우셨다 sae'usyeotda	새우셨어 sae'usyeosseo	새우셨어요 sae'usyeosseoyo	새우셨습니다 sae'usyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	새우시느냐 sae'usineunya	새우셔 sae'usyeo	새우세요, 새우셔요 sae'useyo, sae'usyeoyo	새우십니까 sae'usimnikka
Interrogative	Past	새우셨느냐 sae'usyeonneunya	새우셨어 sae'usyeosseo	새우셨어요 sae'usyeosseoyo	새우셨습니까 sae'usyeotseumnikka
Imperative		새우시라 sae'usira	새우셔 sae'usyeo	새우세요 sae'useyo	새우십시오 sae'usipsio
Assertive		새우시겠다 sae'usigetda	새우시겠어 sae'usigesseo	새우시겠어요 sae'usigesseoyo	새우시겠습니다 sae'usigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		새우셔 sae'usyeo	새우셔서 sae'usyeoseo	새우시니 sae'usini	새우시니까 sae'usinikka
Contrast		새우시지만 sae'usijiman	새우시는데 sae'usineunde	새우시더니 sae'usideoni
Conjunction		새우시고 sae'usigo
Condition		새우시면 sae'usimyeon	새우셔야 sae'usyeoya
Motive		새우시려고 sae'usiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		새우심 sae'usim	새우시기 sae'usigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		새우셨음 sae'usyeosseum	새우셨기 sae'usyeotgi
Determiners	Past	새우신 sae'usin
	Present	새우시는 sae'usineun
	Future	새우실 sae'usil

Derived terms

밤새우다 (bamsae'uda)
지새우다 (jisae'uda)

Etymology 2

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 새오〮다〮 (Yale: sàyGwó-tá).

Verb

새우다 • (sae'uda) (infinitive 새워, sequential 새우니)

(transitive) to envy

Conjugation

Selected forms of the verb 새우다 (sae'uda): vowel-stem, regular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	새운다 sae'unda	새워 saewo	새워요 saewoyo	새웁니다 sae'umnida
Indicative	Past	새웠다 saewotda	새웠어 saewosseo	새웠어요 saewosseoyo	새웠습니다 saewotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	새우느냐 sae'uneunya	새워 saewo	새워요 saewoyo	새웁니까 sae'umnikka
Interrogative	Past	새웠느냐 saewonneunya	새웠어 saewosseo	새웠어요 saewosseoyo	새웠습니까 saewotseumnikka
Hortative		새우자 sae'uja	새워 saewo	새워요 saewoyo	새우십시다 sae'usipsida
Imperative		새워라 saewora	새워 saewo	새워요 saewoyo	새웁시오 sae'upsio
Assertive		새우겠다 sae'ugetda	새우겠어 sae'ugesseo	새우겠어요 sae'ugesseoyo	새우겠습니다 sae'ugetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		새워 saewo	새워서 saewoseo	새우니 sae'uni	새우니까 sae'unikka
Contrast		새우지만 sae'ujiman	새우는데 sae'uneunde	새우더니 sae'udeoni
Conjunction		새우고 sae'ugo
Condition		새우면 sae'umyeon	새워야 saewoya
Motive		새우려고 sae'uryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		새움 sae'um	새우기 sae'ugi
Past-tense verbal nouns		새웠음 saewosseum	새웠기 saewotgi
Determiners	Past	새운 sae'un
	Present	새우는 sae'uneun
	Future	새울 sae'ul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	새우신다 sae'usinda	새우셔 sae'usyeo	새우세요, 새우셔요 sae'useyo, sae'usyeoyo	새우십니다 sae'usimnida
Indicative	Past	새우셨다 sae'usyeotda	새우셨어 sae'usyeosseo	새우셨어요 sae'usyeosseoyo	새우셨습니다 sae'usyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	새우시느냐 sae'usineunya	새우셔 sae'usyeo	새우세요, 새우셔요 sae'useyo, sae'usyeoyo	새우십니까 sae'usimnikka
Interrogative	Past	새우셨느냐 sae'usyeonneunya	새우셨어 sae'usyeosseo	새우셨어요 sae'usyeosseoyo	새우셨습니까 sae'usyeotseumnikka
Imperative		새우시라 sae'usira	새우셔 sae'usyeo	새우세요 sae'useyo	새우십시오 sae'usipsio
Assertive		새우시겠다 sae'usigetda	새우시겠어 sae'usigesseo	새우시겠어요 sae'usigesseoyo	새우시겠습니다 sae'usigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		새우셔 sae'usyeo	새우셔서 sae'usyeoseo	새우시니 sae'usini	새우시니까 sae'usinikka
Contrast		새우시지만 sae'usijiman	새우시는데 sae'usineunde	새우시더니 sae'usideoni
Conjunction		새우시고 sae'usigo
Condition		새우시면 sae'usimyeon	새우셔야 sae'usyeoya
Motive		새우시려고 sae'usiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		새우심 sae'usim	새우시기 sae'usigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		새우셨음 sae'usyeosseum	새우셨기 sae'usyeotgi
Determiners	Past	새우신 sae'usin
	Present	새우시는 sae'usineun
	Future	새우실 sae'usil

Related terms

샘 (saem, “envy”)