魑魅

Chinese

		mountain elf	demon; magic; to charm
trad. (魑魅)		魑	魅
simp. #(魑魅)		魑	魅
alternative forms		螭魅 螭鬽

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chīmèi

  (Zhuyin): ㄔ ㄇㄟˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ci¹ mei⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chīmèi
    • Zhuyin: ㄔ ㄇㄟˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chihmèi
    • Wade–Giles: chʻih¹-mei⁴
    • Yale: chr̄-mèi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chymey
    • Palladius: чимэй (čimɛj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵⁵ meɪ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: ci¹ mei⁶
    • Yale: chī meih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsi¹ mei⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: qi¹ méi⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiː⁵⁵ mei̯²²/

---

• Middle Chinese: trhje mijH

Rime
Character	魑	魅
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	徹 (10)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	支 (13)	脂 (17)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	丑知切	明祕切
Baxter	trhje	mijH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈʰˠiᴇ/	/mˠiɪH/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈʰᵚiɛ/	/mᵚiH/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶʰiɛ/	/miɪH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈʰjiə̆/	/mjiH/
Li Rong	/ȶʰje/	/mjiH/
Wang Li	/ȶʰǐe/	/miH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȶʰie̯/	/miH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chī	mì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ci1	mei6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*r̥aj  mr[ə][t]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*r̥ʰel  mrɯds/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	魑	魅
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chī	mèi
Middle Chinese	‹ trhje ›	‹ mijH ›
Old Chinese	/*r̥aj/	/*mr[ə][t]-s/
English	demon	魑魅 trhje.mijH a kind of demon
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	魑	魅
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	7795	12911
Phonetic component	离	未
Rime group	歌	隊
Rime subdivision	2	1
Corresponding MC rime	摛	郿
Old Chinese	/*r̥ʰel/	/*mrɯds/
Notes		說文同鬽

Noun

魑魅

1. evil spirit; demon

   • 渾敦，窮奇，檮杌，饕餮，投諸四裔，以禦魑魅。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     浑敦，穷奇，梼杌，饕餮，投诸四裔，以御魑魅。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4^th century BCE

     Húndūn, Qióngqí, Táowù, Tāotiè, tóu zhū sì yì, yǐ yù chīmèi. [Pinyin]

     Chaos, Oddity, Block-stump, and Glutton were all cast out to the four frontiers, to ward off ill sprites and evil spirits.

Derived terms

• 魑魅魍魎 / 魑魅魍魉 (chīmèi wǎngliǎng)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (魑魅):

• → Japanese: 魑魅(ちみ) (chimi)
• → Korean: 이매(魑魅) (imae)
• → Vietnamese: si mị (魑魅)

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
魑	魅
すたま
Hyōgai	Grade: S
irregular

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [sɨta̠ma̠]

Noun

魑魅(すたま) • (sutama) 

1. a spirit or demon that arises from the trees and stones of a mountain forest
   • 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 1, page 44:

     魑魅 山海經云、魑魅、和名須太万。鬼類也

     Mountain Demon: The Classic of Mountain and Seas calls it a demon, Japanese name Sutama. It is a type of demon.

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
魑	魅
すだま
Hyōgai	Grade: S
irregular

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) すだま [sùdámá] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [sɨda̠ma̠]

Noun

魑魅(すだま) • (sudama) 

1. a spirit or demon that arises from the trees and stones of a mountain forest

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
魑	魅
ち Hyōgai	み Grade: S
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ちみ [chíꜜmì] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [t͡ɕimʲi]

Noun

魑(ち)魅(み) • (chimi) 

1. a demon formed from the spirit of mountains and forests

Derived terms

• 魑魅魍魎(ちみもうりょう) (chimimōryō)

Related terms

• 魔魅(まみ) (mami)

See also

• 魑魅 on the Japanese Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^ja

References

• Minamoto, Shitagō with Kyōto Daigaku Bungakubu Kokugogaku Kokubungaku Kenkyūshitu (931–938) Shohon Shūsei Wamyō Ruijushō: Honbunhen (in Japanese), Kyōto: Rinsen, published 1968, →ISBN.