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食う

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Japanese

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Kanji in this term

Grade: 2
kun'yomi
Alternative spellings
喰う
喫う (rare)

Etymology

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/kupu/ → */kuwu//kuu/

From Old Japanese.[1]

The medial /w/ vanishes because Japanese does not have a /wu/ phoneme. It surfaces though in various conjugations, such as the negative form kuwanai or the passive form kuwareru.

Possibly cognate with (kuchi, mouth).

Pronunciation

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  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「食う
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
食う [kúꜜù]
Imperative (命令形) 食え [kúꜜè]
Key constructions
Passive 食われる われ [kùwáréꜜrù]
Causative 食わせる わせ [kùwáséꜜrù]
Potential 食える [kùéꜜrù]
Volitional 食おう [kùóꜜò]
Negative 食わない ない [kùwáꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 食わなかった なかった [kùwáꜜnàkàttà]
Formal 食います いま [kùímáꜜsù]
Perfective 食った った [kúꜜttà]
Conjunctive 食って って [kúꜜttè]
Hypothetical conditional 食えば えば [kúꜜèbà]

Verb

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() (kuuくふ (kufu)?transitive godan (stem () (kui), past ()った (kutta))

  1. to put something in one's mouth
  2. (colloquial) to eat, to devour
    (だれ)でも(ひる)には(めし)()
    Dare de mo hiru ni wa meshi o kuu.
    Everyone eats food at noon.
  3. to make a living, to live; to survive
  4. to tease, to taunt, to make light of, to make fun of; to torment
  5. to bite, to sting (of an insect, usually used in the passive)
    昨晩(さくばん)は、()()われた
    Sakuban wa, ka ni kuwareta.
    I got bitten by a mosquito last night.

Conjugation

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Synonyms

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Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN