霞む
Appearance
Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
霞 |
かす Jinmeiyō |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
翳む |
Etymology
[edit]From Old Japanese.
From stem kasu-, cognate with classical adjective 幽し (kasukeshi, “faint”), adjective 微か (kasuka, “faint, dim”), and adverb かすかす (kasukasu, “barely”).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「霞む」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) |
霞む | かすむ | [kàsúmú] |
Imperative (命令形) | 霞め | かすめ | [kàsúmé] |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 霞まれる | かすまれる | [kàsúmárérú] |
Causative | 霞ませる | かすませる | [kàsúmásérú] |
Potential | - | - | - |
Volitional | 霞もう | かすもー | [kàsúmóꜜò] |
Negative | 霞まない | かすまない | [kàsúmánáí] |
Negative perfective | 霞まなかった | かすまなかった | [kàsúmánáꜜkàttà] |
Formal | 霞みます | かすみます | [kàsúmímáꜜsù] |
Perfective | 霞んだ | かすんだ | [kàsúńdá] |
Conjunctive | 霞んで | かすんで | [kàsúńdé] |
Hypothetical conditional | 霞めば | かすめば | [kàsúméꜜbà] |
Verb
[edit]霞む • (kasumu) intransitive godan (stem 霞み (kasumi), past 霞んだ (kasunda))
Japanese verb pair | |
---|---|
active | 霞める |
mediopassive | 霞む |
- 霞む: to grow hazy, be misty
- 霞む, 翳む: to become blurry, especially when tears come out
- 涙で霞んでしまう
- namida de kasunde shimau
- eyes get blurry with tears
- 涙で霞んでしまう
- 霞む: to get dim
- 霞む: to be overshadowed
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "霞む" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 霞ま | かすま | kasuma |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 霞み | かすみ | kasumi |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 霞む | かすむ | kasumu |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 霞む | かすむ | kasumu |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 霞め | かすめ | kasume |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 霞め | かすめ | kasume |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 霞まれる | かすまれる | kasumareru |
Causative | 霞ませる 霞ます |
かすませる かすます |
kasumaseru kasumasu |
Potential | 霞める | かすめる | kasumeru |
Volitional | 霞もう | かすもう | kasumō |
Negative | 霞まない | かすまない | kasumanai |
Negative continuative | 霞まず | かすまず | kasumazu |
Formal | 霞みます | かすみます | kasumimasu |
Perfective | 霞んだ | かすんだ | kasunda |
Conjunctive | 霞んで | かすんで | kasunde |
Hypothetical conditional | 霞めば | かすめば | kasumeba |
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Irrealis (未然形) | 霞ま | かすま | kasuma |
Continuative (連用形) | 霞み | かすみ | kasumi |
Terminal (終止形) | 霞む | かすむ | kasumu |
Attributive (連体形) | 霞む | かすむ | kasumu |
Realis (已然形) | 霞め | かすめ | kasume |
Imperative (命令形) | 霞め | かすめ | kasume |
Key constructions | |||
Negative | 霞まず | かすまず | kasumazu |
Contrasting conjunction | 霞めど | かすめど | kasumedo |
Causal conjunction | 霞めば | かすめば | kasumeba |
Conditional conjunction | 霞まば | かすまば | kasumaba |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 霞みき | かすみき | kasumiki |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 霞みけり | かすみけり | kasumikeri |
Perfect tense (conscious action) | 霞みつ | かすみつ | kasumitu |
Perfect tense (natural event) | 霞みぬ | かすみぬ | kasuminu |
Perfect-continuative tense | 霞めり 霞みたり |
かすめり かすみたり |
kasumeri kasumitari |
Volitional | 霞まむ | かすまむ | kasumamu |
Quotations
[edit]For quotations using this term, see Citations:霞む.
Derived terms
[edit]Derived terms
Verb
[edit]霞む • (kasumu) transitive †nidan
- (archaic) to blur
- (theater, archaic) in kabuki, for the 下座 (geza) musicians to play weakly and quietly
- Antonym: 生やす (oyasu)
Conjugation
[edit]Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Irrealis (未然形) | 霞め | かすめ | kasume |
Continuative (連用形) | 霞め | かすめ | kasume |
Terminal (終止形) | 霞む | かすむ | kasumu |
Attributive (連体形) | 霞むる | かすむる | kasumuru |
Realis (已然形) | 霞むれ | かすむれ | kasumure |
Imperative (命令形) | 霞めよ | かすめよ | kasumeyo |
Key constructions | |||
Negative | 霞めず | かすめず | kasumezu |
Contrasting conjunction | 霞むれど | かすむれど | kasumuredo |
Causal conjunction | 霞むれば | かすむれば | kasumureba |
Conditional conjunction | 霞めば | かすめば | kasumeba |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 霞めき | かすめき | kasumeki |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 霞めけり | かすめけり | kasumekeri |
Perfect tense (conscious action) | 霞めつ | かすめつ | kasumetu |
Perfect tense (natural event) | 霞めぬ | かすめぬ | kasumenu |
Perfect-continuative tense | 霞めたり | かすめたり | kasumetari |
Volitional | 霞めむ | かすめむ | kasumemu |
Derived terms
[edit]- 霞める (kasumeru, modern form)
References
[edit]Old Japanese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From stem kasu-, cognate with adjective 幽し (kaso1ke2si, “faint”).[1]
Verb
[edit]霞む (kasumu) (kana かすむ)
Conjugation
[edit]Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Irrealis (未然形) | 霞ま | かすま | kasuma |
Continuative (連用形) | 霞み | かすみ | kasumi |
Terminal (終止形) | 霞む | かすむ | kasumu |
Attributive (連体形) | 霞む | かすむ | kasumu |
Realis (已然形) | 霞め | かすめ | kasume |
Imperative (命令形) | 霞め | かすめ | kasume |
Key constructions | |||
Negative | 霞まず | かすまず | kasumazu |
Contrasting conjunction | 霞めど | かすめど | kasumedo |
Causal conjunction | 霞めば | かすめば | kasumeba |
Conditional conjunction | 霞まば | かすまば | kasumaba |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 霞みき | かすみき | kasumiki |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 霞みけり | かすみけり | kasumikeri |
Perfect tense (conscious action) | 霞みつ | かすみつ | kasumitu |
Perfect tense (natural event) | 霞みぬ | かすみぬ | kasuminu |
Perfect-continuative tense | 霞めり 霞みたり |
かすめり かすみたり |
kasumeri kasumitari |
Volitional | 霞まむ | かすまむ | kasumamu |
Quotations
[edit]For quotations using this term, see Citations:霞む.
Derived terms
[edit]- 霞 (kasumi1)
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
Categories:
- Japanese terms spelled with 霞 read as かす
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese intransitive verbs
- Japanese godan verbs
- Japanese godan verbs ending with -mu
- Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- Japanese transitive verbs
- Japanese nidan verbs
- Japanese shimo nidan verbs
- Japanese terms with archaic senses
- ja:Theater
- Old Japanese lemmas
- Old Japanese verbs