開張

See also: 开张

Chinese

		open; operate (vehicle); start	(a measure word); surname; open up
trad. (開張)		開	張
simp. (开张)		开	张
anagram		張開／张开

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kāizhāng

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄞ ㄓㄤ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hoi¹ zoeng¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khôi-chông
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khai-tiong / khai-tiang

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kāizhāng
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄞ ㄓㄤ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kaijhang
    • Wade–Giles: kʻai¹-chang¹
    • Yale: kāi-jāng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kaijang
    • Palladius: кайчжан (kajčžan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: hoi¹ zoeng¹
    • Yale: hōi jēung
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hoi¹ dzoeng¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: hoi¹ zêng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔːi̯⁵⁵ t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khôi-chông
    • Hakka Romanization System: koi^ˊ zong^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: koi¹ zong¹
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰoi̯²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡soŋ²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khai-tiong
    • Tâi-lô: khai-tiong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qai'diofng
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kʰai⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kʰai⁴⁴⁻²² tiɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰai³³ tiɔŋ³³/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khai-tiang
    • Tâi-lô: khai-tiang
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qai'diafng
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰai⁴⁴⁻²² tiaŋ⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: khoj trjang

Rime
Character	開	張
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)	知 (9)
Final (韻)	咍 (41)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	苦哀切	陟良切
Baxter	khoj	trjang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰʌi/	/ʈɨɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰəi/	/ʈiɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰɒi/	/ȶiɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰəj/	/ʈɨaŋ/
Li Rong	/kʰᴀi/	/ȶiaŋ/
Wang Li	/kʰɒi/	/ȶĭaŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kʰɑ̆i/	/ȶi̯aŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kāi	zhāng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hoi1	zoeng1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*Nə-[k]ʰˤəj|[k]ʰˤəj  C.traŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰɯːl  taŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	開	開	張
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	kāi	kāi	zhāng
Middle Chinese	‹ khoj ›	‹ khoj ›	‹ trjang ›
Old Chinese	/*Nə-[k]ʰˁəj/	/*[k]ʰˁəj/	/*C.traŋ/
English	to open (v.i.)	to open (v.t.)	draw a bow
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	開	張
Reading #	1/1	1/2
No.	7348	1259
Phonetic component	開	長
Rime group	微	陽
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	開	張
Old Chinese	/*kʰɯːl/	/*taŋ/

Verb

開張

1. to open
2. (of a new business) to start; to open for business

   我的店鋪下個星期開張，歡迎各位親朋好友前來。 [MSC, trad.]
   我的店铺下个星期开张，欢迎各位亲朋好友前来。 [MSC, simp.]

   Wǒ de diànpù xià ge xīngqī kāizhāng, huānyíng gèwèi qīnpénghǎoyǒu qiánlái. [Pinyin]

   My shop will open for business next week, and all my friends and relatives are welcome to come.

3. to conduct the first transaction of the day
4. (figuratively) to begin; to start; to develop; to launch

Synonyms

• (to open for business): 開業／开业 (kāiyè)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (開張):

• → Japanese: 開(かい)張(ちょう) (kaichō)
• → Korean: 개장(開張) (gaejang)
• → Vietnamese: khai trương (開張)