長庚

Chinese

		long; length; forever long; length; forever; always; constantly; chief; head; elder; to grow; to develop	7th heavenly stem; age
trad. (長庚)		長	庚
simp. (长庚)		长	庚
alternative forms		長賡／长赓 長更／长更

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chánggēng

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄤˊ ㄍㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): coeng⁴ gang¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chánggēng
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄤˊ ㄍㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chánggeng
    • Wade–Giles: chʻang²-kêng¹
    • Yale: cháng-gēng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: charnggeng
    • Palladius: чангэн (čangɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ kɤŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: coeng⁴ gang¹
    • Yale: chèuhng gāng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsoeng⁴ gang¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: cêng⁴ geng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ kɐŋ⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: drjang kaeng

Rime
Character	長	庚
Reading #	1/3	1/1
Initial (聲)	澄 (11)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)	庚 (109)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	II
Fanqie	直良切	古行切
Baxter	drjang	kaeng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖɨɐŋ/	/kˠæŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖiɐŋ/	/kᵚaŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡiɑŋ/	/kaŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖɨaŋ/	/kaɨjŋ/
Li Rong	/ȡiaŋ/	/kɐŋ/
Wang Li	/ȡĭaŋ/	/kɐŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȡʱi̯aŋ/	/kɐŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cháng	gēng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	coeng4	gang1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə-[N]-traŋ  kˤraŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*daŋ  kraːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	長	庚
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	cháng	gēng
Middle Chinese	‹ drjang ›	‹ kæng ›
Old Chinese	/*Cə-[N]-traŋ/	/*kˁraŋ/
English	long (adj.)	7th heavenly stem
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	長	庚
Reading #	2/3	1/1
No.	1276	3978
Phonetic component	長	庚
Rime group	陽	陽
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	長	庚
Old Chinese	/*daŋ/	/*kraːŋ/

Noun

長庚

1. (～星) (Chinese astronomy) planet Venus in the west after dusk

   • 東有啟明，西有長庚。有捄天畢，載施之行。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     东有启明，西有长庚。有捄天毕，载施之行。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Dōng yǒu qǐmíng, xī yǒu chánggēng. Yǒu qiú tiānbì, zài shī zhī xíng. [Pinyin]

     In the east there is Lucifer;
     In the west there is Hesperus;
     Long and curved is the Rabbit Net of the sky; -
     But they only occupy their places.

2. (literary, Chinese astronomy) Alternative name for 彗星 (huìxīng, “comet”).

Derived terms

• 夢協長庚／梦协长庚
• 夢叶長庚／梦叶长庚
• 長庚入夢／长庚入梦
• 長庚協夢／长庚协梦
• 長庚叶夢／长庚叶梦
• 長庚夢／长庚梦
• 長庚星／长庚星
• 長庚李／长庚李
• 長庚白／长庚白

 

Proper noun

長庚

1. (～里) An urban village in Tamsui district, New Taipei, Taiwan