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輾轉

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also: 辗转

Chinese

Etymology 1

		roll over on side; turn half over	to revolve; to turn; to circle about to revolve; to turn; to circle about; to walk about; to convey; to forward (mail); to transfer; to shift
trad. (輾轉)		輾	轉
simp. (辗转)		辗	转
alternative forms		展轉／展转

A retrogressive ablaut reduplication of 轉 (OC *tonʔ, “to turn”) in Old Chinese (Sun, 2003; Hsu, 2009):

轉 (OC *tonʔ, “to turn”) → 輾轉 (OC *tenʔ tonʔ, “to toss and turn”)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhǎnzhuǎn

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄢˇ ㄓㄨㄢˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zin² zyun²
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tián-choán
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵tsoe-tsoe

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhǎnzhuǎn [Phonetic: zhánzhuǎn]
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄢˇ ㄓㄨㄢˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhǎnjhuǎn
  - Wade–Giles: chan³-chuan³
  - Yale: jǎn-jwǎn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jaanjoan
  - Palladius: чжаньчжуань (čžanʹčžuanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂän²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zin² zyun²
  - Yale: jín jyún
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzin² dzyn²
  - Guangdong Romanization: jin² jun²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siːn³⁵ t͡syːn³⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tián-choán
  - Tâi-lô: tián-tsuán
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diefnzoarn
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡suan⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɛn⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡suan⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡suan⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡suan⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɛn⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡suan⁴¹/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵tsoe-tsoe
  - MiniDict: tsoe^去 tsoe
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tsoe-tsoe
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sø³³ t͡sø⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: trjenX trjwenX

Rime
Character	輾	轉
Reading #	1/2	1/2
Initial (聲)	知 (9)	知 (9)
Final (韻)	仙 (79)	仙 (80)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	知演切	陟兖切
Baxter	trjenX	trjwenX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈˠiᴇn^X/	/ʈˠiuᴇn^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈᵚiɛn^X/	/ʈʷᵚiɛn^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶiæn^X/	/ȶiuæn^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈian^X/	/ʈwian^X/
Li Rong	/ȶjɛn^X/	/ȶjuɛn^X/
Wang Li	/ȶĭɛn^X/	/ȶĭwɛn^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȶi̯ɛn^X/	/ȶi̯wɛn^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhǎn	zhuǎn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zin²	zyun²

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*tre[n]ʔ tronʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*tenʔ tonʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	輾	轉
Reading #	1/1	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhǎn	zhuǎn
Middle Chinese	‹ trjen^X ›	‹ trjwen^X ›
Old Chinese	/*tre[n]ʔ/	/*tronʔ/
English	輾轉 toss and turn (Ode 1.2, 145.3)	輾轉 toss and turn ((Ode 1.2, 145.3)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	輾	轉
Reading #	2/2	1/2
No.	16783	17674
Phonetic component	展	專
Rime group	元	元
Rime subdivision	2	3
Corresponding MC rime	展	轉
Old Chinese	/*tenʔ/	/*tonʔ/

Verb

輾轉

to toss and turn (in bed)
- 有美一人，碩大且儼。寤寐無為，輾轉伏枕。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
  有美一人，硕大且俨。寤寐无为，辗转伏枕。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Yǒu měi yī rén, shuòdà qiě yǎn. Wùmèi wúwéi, zhǎnzhuǎn fúzhěn. [Pinyin]
  There is the beautiful lady;
  Tall and large, and majestic.
  Waking or sleeping, I do nothing;
  On my side, on my back, with my face on the pillow, I lie.
- 求之不得，寤寐思服。悠哉悠哉，輾轉反側。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
  求之不得，寤寐思服。悠哉悠哉，辗转反侧。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Qiú zhī bù dé, wùmèi sīfú. Yōuzāi yōuzāi, zhǎnzhuǎn fǎncè. [Pinyin]
  He sought her and found her not,
  And waking and sleeping he thought about her.
  Long he thought; oh! long and anxiously;
  On his side, on his back, he turned, and back again.
to pass through many hands or places

Synonyms

宛轉

Derived terms

Etymology 2

		roll over on side; turn half over	to revolve; to turn; to circle about to revolve; to turn; to circle about; to walk about; to convey; to forward (mail); to transfer; to shift
trad. (輾轉)		輾	轉
simp. (辗转)		辗	转
alternative forms		輪轉／轮转轔轉／辚转

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): lúnzhuàn

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄣˊ ㄓㄨㄢˋ
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lìn-tńg / lìn-túiⁿ / liàn-tńg / lián-tńg

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: lúnzhuàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄣˊ ㄓㄨㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: lúnjhuàn
  - Wade–Giles: lun²-chuan⁴
  - Yale: lwún-jwàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luenjuann
  - Palladius: луньчжуань (lunʹčžuanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lu̯ən³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯än⁵¹/

Note: as 輪轉／轮转 (lúnzhuǎn).

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lìn-tńg
  - Tâi-lô: lìn-tńg
  - Phofsit Daibuun: liend'ngr
  - IPA (Xiamen): /lin²¹⁻⁵³ tŋ̍⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /lin¹¹⁻⁵³ tŋ̍⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lin⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tŋ̍⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /lin²¹⁻⁴¹ tŋ̍⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lìn-túiⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: lìn-tuínn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: liendvuie
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /lin²¹⁻⁵³ tuĩ⁵³/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liàn-tńg
  - Tâi-lô: liàn-tńg
  - Phofsit Daibuun: liernd'ngr
  - IPA (Taipei): /liɛn¹¹⁻⁵³ tŋ̍⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /liɛn²¹⁻⁴¹ tŋ̍⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lián-tńg
  - Tâi-lô: lián-tńg
  - Phofsit Daibuun: liefnd'ngr
  - IPA (Taipei): /liɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tŋ̍⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /liɛn⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tŋ̍⁴¹/

Adjective

輾轉

(Southern Min; or Taiwanese Mandarin in reference to Taiwanese proficiency) fluent; smooth
不輪轉的台語／不轮转的台语 [Taiwanese Mandarin] ― bù lúnzhuàn de táiyǔ [Pinyin] ― non-fluent Taiwanese

Classifier

輾轉

(Mainland China Hokkien) Classifier for small rotations.

Derived terms

References

“輾轉”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.

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