覆う

Japanese

Alternative spellings
被う蔽う蓋う掩う

/opu pu/ → /opopu/ → /ofofu/ → */owou/ → /oːu/

From the Old Japanese verb 覆ふ (opu, “cover from above”) + ふ (-fu, auxiliary verb modifier, expressing repetition or ongoing state).^[1]

or

Stem forms
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形)	覆う	おおう	`[òóú]`
Imperative (命令形)	覆え	おおえ	`[òóé]`
Key constructions
Passive	覆われる	おおわれる	`[òówárérú]`
Causative	覆わせる	おおわせる	`[òówásérú]`
Potential	覆える	おおえる	`[òóérú]`
Volitional	覆おう	おおおー	`[òóóꜜò]`
Negative	覆わない	おおわない	`[òówánáí]`
Negative perfective	覆わなかった	おおわなかった	`[òówánáꜜkàttà]`
Formal	覆います	おおいます	`[òóímáꜜsù]`
Perfective	覆った	おおった	`[òóttá]`
Conjunctive	覆って	おおって	`[òótté]`
Hypothetical conditional	覆えば	おおえば	`[òóéꜜbà]`

覆(おお)う • (ōu) ^{←おほふ (ofofu)^?}transitive godan (stem 覆(おお)い (ōi), past 覆(おお)った (ōtta))

to cover
- 1188, Senzai Wakashū (book 17, poem 1137; also Hyakunin Isshu, poem 95)
  おほけなくうき世(よ)の民(たみ)におほふかなわが立(た)つ杣(そま)にすみぞめの袖(そで)
  ōkenaku ukiyo no tami ni ōu kana waga tatsu soma ni sumizome no sode
  Unworthy am I, but my black-dyed sleeves shelter people in this floating world from this hall of timbers hewn from the mountain.^[3]
雲(くも)が東(とう)欧(おう)を覆(おお)う
kumo ga Tōō o ōu
clouds cover eastern Europe

道(みち)は雪(ゆき)で覆(おお)われています
michi wa yuki de ōwarete imasu
the road is covered with snow
to cover up, to conceal, to hide
傷跡(きずあと)をメイクで覆(おお)う
kizuato o meiku de ōu
to cover up scars with makeup

慌(あわ)てて両手(りょうて)で顔(かお)を覆(おお)おうとした。
Awatete ryōte de kao o ōō toshita.
In a panic I tried hiding my face in my hands.
to permeate, to spread throughout
音楽(おんがく)が部屋(へや)全体(ぜんたい)を覆(おお)う。
Ongaku ga heya zentai o ōu.
Music permeates the entire room.
to include everything (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)

Conjugation of "覆う" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Classical conjugation of "覆ふ" (ハ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形)	覆は	おほは	ofofa
Continuative (連用形)	覆ひ	おほひ	ofofi
Terminal (終止形)	覆ふ	おほふ	ofofu
Attributive (連体形)	覆ふ	おほふ	ofofu
Realis (已然形)	覆へ	おほへ	ofofe
Imperative (命令形)	覆へ	おほへ	ofofe
Key constructions
Negative	覆はず	おほはず	ofofazu
Contrasting conjunction	覆へど	おほへど	ofofedo
Causal conjunction	覆へば	おほへば	ofofeba
Conditional conjunction	覆はば	おほはば	ofofaba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge)	覆ひき	おほひき	ofofiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge)	覆ひけり	おほひけり	ofofikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action)	覆ひつ	おほひつ	ofofitu
Perfect tense (natural event)	覆ひぬ	おほひぬ	ofofinu
Perfect-continuative tense	覆へり覆ひたり	おほへりおほひたり	ofoferi ofofitari
Volitional	覆はむ	おほはむ	ofofamu

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
^ Robert E. Morrell (2002) Early Kamakura Buddhism: A Minority Report (Nanzan Studies in Religion and Culture), Jain Publishing Company, →ISBN

2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.