汕頭
Chinese
[edit]Swatow | head; (noun suffix) | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (汕頭) | 汕 | 頭 | |
simp. (汕头) | 汕 | 头 |
Etymology
[edit]While the modern Teochew pronunciation contains the first syllable in the yinping (陰平/阴平) tone, as attested in Handbook of the Swatow Vernacular [1886] by Lim Hiong Seng, it appears that historically the first syllable of the toponym had the yinqu (陰去/阴去) tone. The pronunciation Suàⁿ-thâu is recorded in A Pronouncing and Defining Dictionary of the Swatow Dialect [1883] by Adele M. Fielde and English-Chinese Vocabulary of the Vernacular Or Spoken Language of Swatow [1883] by William Duffus.
The toponym is a shortening of 沙汕頭/沙汕头. In 1717, a fort, 沙汕頭砲臺, was constructed in the area, which was then under the administration of Chenghai (澄海) county. Both 沙汕頭/沙汕头 and 汕頭 / 汕头 are attested in 潮州海防圖說 [c. 18th century] by official Lan Dingyuan (藍鼎元). 沙汕 is cognate with Hokkien 沙線/沙线 (soa-sòaⁿ, “sandbank”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): saan3 tau4
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): san1 heu3
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): saan3 tau4
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): San-thèu / Sân-thèu
- Eastern Min (BUC): Sáng-tàu
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄕㄢˋ ㄊㄡˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: Shàntóu
- Wade–Giles: Shan4-tʻou2
- Yale: Shàn-tóu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Shanntour
- Palladius: Шаньтоу (Šanʹtou)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂän⁵¹ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: saan3 tau4
- Yale: saan tàuh
- Cantonese Pinyin: saan3 tau4
- Guangdong Romanization: san3 teo4
- Sinological IPA (key): /saːn³³ tʰɐu̯²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: san1 heu3
- Sinological IPA (key): /san³³ heu²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: San-thèu / Sân-thèu
- Hakka Romanization System: san teuˇ / sanˊ teuˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: san4 teu2 / san1 teu2
- Sinological IPA: /san⁵⁵ tʰeu̯¹¹/, /san²⁴ tʰeu̯¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: Sáng-tàu
- Sinological IPA (key): /saŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ (tʰ-)nau⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Proper noun
[edit]汕頭
- (~市) Shantou (a prefecture-level city in Guangdong, China)
Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Others:
- → English: Shantou, Swatow
- → Japanese: 汕頭 (Suwatō)
- → Japanese: 汕頭 (Shantō)
- → Korean: 산터우 (Santeou)
- → Thai: ซัวเถา (suua-tǎo)
Japanese
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
汕 | 頭 |
すわ Hyōgai |
とう Grade: 2 |
irregular |
Alternative spelling |
---|
仙頭 (misspelling) |
From English Swatow, from Teochew 汕頭/汕头 (suan1 tao5).
Alternative forms
[edit]- 汕頭 (Sentō), 汕頭 (Shantō)
Pronunciation
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]- Shantou (a prefecture-level city in Guangdong, China)
Etymology 2
[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
汕 | 頭 |
せん Hyōgai |
とう Grade: 2 |
on'yomi |
The Sino-Japanese reading of Chinese 汕頭 / 汕头 (Shàntóu).
Pronunciation
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]- Alternative form of 汕頭 (Suwatō, “Shantou (a prefecture-level city in Guangdong, China)”)
Etymology 3
[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
汕 | 頭 |
しゃん Hyōgai |
とう Grade: 2 |
irregular |
From Mandarin 汕頭/汕头 (Shàntóu).
Pronunciation
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]- Alternative form of 汕頭 (Suwatō, “Shantou (a prefecture-level city in Guangdong, China)”)
- Cantonese terms with audio pronunciation
- Teochew terms with audio pronunciation
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Taishanese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Chinese proper nouns
- Mandarin proper nouns
- Cantonese proper nouns
- Taishanese proper nouns
- Hakka proper nouns
- Eastern Min proper nouns
- Hokkien proper nouns
- Teochew proper nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 汕
- Chinese terms spelled with 頭
- zh:Shantou
- zh:Cities in Guangdong
- zh:Places in Guangdong
- zh:Places in China
- Japanese terms spelled with 汕
- Japanese terms spelled with 頭
- Japanese terms read with irregular kanji readings
- Japanese terms borrowed from English
- Japanese terms derived from English
- Japanese terms borrowed from Teochew
- Japanese terms derived from Teochew
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese proper nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with hyōgai kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji
- ja:Shantou
- ja:Cities in Guangdong
- ja:Places in Guangdong
- ja:Places in China
- Japanese terms spelled with 汕 read as せん
- Japanese terms spelled with 頭 read as とう
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms derived from Chinese
- Japanese terms borrowed from Mandarin
- Japanese terms derived from Mandarin