曠野

Chinese

		waste; wilderness	field; plain; open space field; plain; open space; limit; boundary; rude; wild
trad. (曠野)		曠	野
simp. (旷野)		旷	野

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kuàngyě

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄤˋ ㄧㄝˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): kwong³ je⁵
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khóng-yâ
• Eastern Min (BUC): kuōng-iā
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khòng-iá

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kuàngyě
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄤˋ ㄧㄝˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kuàngyě
    • Wade–Giles: kʻuang⁴-yeh³
    • Yale: kwàng-yě
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuanqyee
    • Palladius: куанъе (kuanʺje)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: kwong³ je⁵
    • Yale: kwong yéh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: kwong³ je⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: kuong³ yé⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷʰɔːŋ³³ jɛː¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khóng-yâ
    • Hakka Romanization System: kong^ˋ ia^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: kong³ ya¹
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰoŋ³¹ i̯a²⁴/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khóng-yâ
    • Hakka Romanization System: kong^ˋ (r)ia^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: kong³ ya¹
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰoŋ³¹ (j)i̯a²⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: kuōng-iā
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰuoŋ³³⁻³⁵ ^(Ø-)ŋia³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khòng-iá
    • Tâi-lô: khòng-iá
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qorng'iar
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ ia⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ia⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ ia⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kʰɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ ia⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ ia⁴¹/

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• Middle Chinese: khwangH yaeX

Rime
Character	曠	野
Reading #	1/1	2/2
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	唐 (102)	麻 (100)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	苦謗切	羊者切
Baxter	khwangH	yaeX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰwɑŋH/	/jiaX/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰʷɑŋH/	/jiaX/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰuɑŋH/	/iaX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰwaŋH/	/jiaX/
Li Rong	/kʰuɑŋH/	/iaX/
Wang Li	/kʰuɑŋH/	/jĭaX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kʰwɑŋH/	/i̯aX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kuàng	yě
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fong3	je5

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k-m̥]ˤaŋ-s  lAʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰʷaːŋs  laːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	曠	野
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	kuàng	yě
Middle Chinese	‹ khwangH ›	‹ yæX ›
Old Chinese	/*[k-m̥]ˁaŋ-s/	/*lAʔ/
English	desolate, waste	open country
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	曠	野
Reading #	1/1	1/2
No.	5373	15722
Phonetic component	黄	予
Rime group	陽	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	曠	野
Old Chinese	/*kʰʷaːŋs/	/*laːʔ/

Noun

曠野

1. wilderness

   • 匪兕匪虎，率彼曠野。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     匪兕匪虎，率彼旷野。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Fēi sì fēi hǔ, lǜ bǐ kuàngyě. [Pinyin]

     We are not rhinoceroses, we are not tigers, to be kept in these desolate wilds.

Synonyms

edit

• 原野 (yuányě)
• 田野 (tiányě)
• 荒原 (huāngyuán)
• 荒漠 (huāngmò)
• 荒野 (huāngyě)
• 野田 (yětián) (literary)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (曠野):

• → Japanese: 広(こう)野(や) (kōya)
• → Korean: 광야(曠野) (gwang'ya)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
曠	野
こう Hyōgai	や Grade: 2
on'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 曠野 – see the following entry.

【広野こうや】 [noun] wilderness; field Alternative spelling 昿野

(This term, 曠野, is an alternative spelling (dated) of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja in this term
曠	野

Noun

曠野 • (gwang'ya) (hangeul 광야)

1. hanja form^? of 광야 (“wilderness”)