愛しい
Japanese
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 愛 |
| いと Grade: 4 |
| kun'yomi |
/itoːɕiː/ → /itoɕiː/
Sound shift from 愛おしい (itooshii), in turn derived from verb 厭う (itou, “to detest, to loathe, to hate”), from an underlying idea of causing mental anguish. The sense developed from the way that missing someone or something can cause mental anguish, giving rise to the modern meaning of dear.[1][2]
First attested in a text from 1518.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]愛しい • (itoshii) -i (adverbial 愛しく (itoshiku))
- [from 1518] dear, loveful, precious
- [from late 1500s] pitiable, regrettable
Inflection
[edit]Inflection of 愛しい
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 愛しかろ | いとしかろ | itoshikaro |
| Continuative (連用形) | 愛しく | いとしく | itoshiku |
| Terminal (終止形) | 愛しい | いとしい | itoshii |
| Attributive (連体形) | 愛しい | いとしい | itoshii |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 愛しけれ | いとしけれ | itoshikere |
| Imperative (命令形) | 愛しかれ | いとしかれ | itoshikare |
| Key constructions | |||
| Informal negative | 愛しくない | いとしくない | itoshiku nai |
| Informal past | 愛しかった | いとしかった | itoshikatta |
| Informal negative past | 愛しくなかった | いとしくなかった | itoshiku nakatta |
| Formal | 愛しいです | いとしいです | itoshii desu |
| Formal negative | 愛しくないです | いとしくないです | itoshiku nai desu |
| Formal past | 愛しかったです | いとしかったです | itoshikatta desu |
| Formal negative past | 愛しくなかったです | いとしくなかったです | itoshiku nakatta desu |
| Conjunctive | 愛しくて | いとしくて | itoshikute |
| Conditional | 愛しければ | いとしければ | itoshikereba |
| Provisional | 愛しかったら | いとしかったら | itoshikattara |
| Volitional | 愛しかろう | いとしかろう | itoshikarō |
| Adverbial | 愛しく | いとしく | itoshiku |
| Degree | 愛しさ | いとしさ | itoshisa |
Etymology 2
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 愛 |
| かな Grade: 4 |
| kun'yomi |
Rare alternative spelling.
| For pronunciation and definitions of 愛しい – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 愛しい, is an alternative spelling (rare) of the above term.) |
Etymology 3
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 愛 |
| うつく Grade: 4 |
| kun'yomi |
Rare alternative spelling.
| For pronunciation and definitions of 愛しい – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 愛しい, is an alternative spelling (rare) of the above term.) |
References
[edit]Categories:
- Japanese terms spelled with 愛 read as いと
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese adjectives
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese い-i adjectives
- Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with 愛 read as かな
- Japanese terms with rare senses
- Japanese terms spelled with 愛 read as うつく