常刑

Chinese

		always; ever; often always; ever; often; frequently; common; general; constant	punishment
simp. and trad. (常刑)		常	刑

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chángxíng

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄤˊ ㄒㄧㄥˊ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chángxíng
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄤˊ ㄒㄧㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chángsíng
    • Wade–Giles: chʻang²-hsing²
    • Yale: cháng-syíng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: charngshyng
    • Palladius: чансин (čansin)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ɕiŋ³⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: dzyang heng

Rime
Character	常	刑
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	常 (25)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)	青 (125)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	IV
Fanqie	市羊切	戸經切
Baxter	dzyang	heng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʑɨɐŋ/	/ɦeŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ʑiɐŋ/	/ɦeŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʑiɑŋ/	/ɣɛŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ʑɨaŋ/	/ɦɛjŋ/
Li Rong	/ʑiaŋ/	/ɣeŋ/
Wang Li	/ʑĭaŋ/	/ɣieŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʑi̯aŋ/	/ɣieŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cháng	xíng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	soeng4	jing4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]aŋ  [ɢ]ˤeŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*djaŋ  ɡeːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	常	刑
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	cháng	xíng
Middle Chinese	‹ dzyang ›	‹ heng ›
Old Chinese	/*[d]aŋ/	/*[ɢ]ˁeŋ/
English	constant	punish(ment)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	常	刑
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	11152	6861
Phonetic component	尚	井
Rime group	陽	耕
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	常	㓝
Old Chinese	/*djaŋ/	/*ɡeːŋ/

Noun

常刑

1. (Classical) ordinary criminal laws and punishments

Synonyms

• 典刑 (diǎnxíng)