天井

Chinese

		day; sky; heaven	warn; well
simp. and trad. (天井)		天	井

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tiānjǐng

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄧㄢ ㄐㄧㄥˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): tin¹ zeng² / tin¹ zing²
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): thiên-chiáng

  (Meixian, Guangdong): tiên¹ jiang³

• Eastern Min (BUC): tiĕng-cāng / tiĕng-ciāng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): thiⁿ-chíⁿ / thiⁿ-chéⁿ / thian-chíⁿ / thian-chéⁿ

  (Teochew, Peng'im): tiêng¹ zên²

• Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ¹thi-cin₅ / ¹thie-cin₃

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tiānjǐng
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄢ ㄐㄧㄥˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tianjǐng
    • Wade–Giles: tʻien¹-ching³
    • Yale: tyān-jǐng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tianjiing
    • Palladius: тяньцзин (tjanʹczin)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: tin¹ zeng² / tin¹ zing²
    • Yale: tīn jéng / tīn jíng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tin¹ dzeng² / tin¹ dzing²
    • Guangdong Romanization: tin¹ zéng² / tin¹ jing²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰiːn⁵⁵ t͡sɛːŋ³⁵/, /tʰiːn⁵⁵ t͡sɪŋ³⁵/

Note:

• tin1 zeng2 - vernacular;
• tin1 zing2 - literary.

• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thiên-chiáng
    • Hakka Romanization System: tien^ˊ jiang^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: tian¹ jiang³
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰi̯en²⁴ t͡si̯aŋ³¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: tiên¹ jiang³
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡siaŋ³¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: tiĕng-cāng / tiĕng-ciāng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰieŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ^(t͡s-)ʒaŋ³³/, /tʰieŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ^(t͡s-)ʒiaŋ³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thiⁿ-chíⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: thinn-tsínn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: tvicvie
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰĩ³³ t͡sĩ⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sĩ⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sĩ⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thiⁿ-chéⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: thinn-tsénn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: tvizvea
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sẽ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sɛ̃⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Hsinchu, Kinmen, Sanxia)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thian-chíⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: thian-tsínn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: tiencvie
    • IPA (Kinmen): /tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sĩ⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Taichung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thian-chéⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: thian-tsénn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: tienzvea
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: tiêng¹ zên²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thieng tséⁿ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰieŋ³³⁻²³ t͡sẽ⁵²/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹thi-cin₅
    • MiniDict: thi^平 cin^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹thi-jin₂
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /tʰi⁵⁵ t͡ɕin²¹/
  • (Northern: Jiaxing)
    • Wugniu: ¹thie-cin₃
    • MiniDict: thie^平 cin^上
    • Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /tʰie⁴⁴ t͡ɕin²¹/

Noun

天井

1. courtyard; patio
2. atrium

Synonyms

• (courtyard):

edit

• 中庭 (zhōngtíng)
• 丹墀 (dan¹ zhr²) (Xiang)
• 埕斗 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
• 庭院 (tíngyuàn)
• 深井 (Hokkien)
• 院 (yuàn)
• 院子 (yuànzi) (colloquial)
• 院落 (yuànluò)

 

Proper noun

天井

1. (～村) Tianjing (a village in Sanhe, Yingcheng, Xiaogan, Hubei, China)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
天	井
てん Grade: 1	しょう > じょう Grade: 4
on'yomi

天井 (tenjō): a ceiling.

Etymology

*/tenzjau/ → /tenʑjɔː/ → /tend͡ʑoː/

From Old Japanese, in turn from Middle Chinese 天井 (MC then tsjengX). First cited in Old Japanese to a work from 759.

The word is literally spelled 天 (“heaven, sky”) + 井 (“well, wellhead”), in reference to the way that ceiling beams were arranged in the shape of a wellhead. See also Ancient Chinese wooden architecture § Roof and ceiling on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) てんじょー [tèńjóó] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [tẽ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑo̞ː]

Noun

天(てん)井(じょう) • (tenjō) ^{←てんじやう (tenzyau)?}

1. [from 759] ceiling
2. [from 1400s] the highest place inside an object
3. [from 1814] (by extension) the top price of something

Antonyms

• 床(ゆか) (yuka, “floor”)

Coordinate terms

• 壁(かべ) (kabe, “wall”)

Derived terms

• 丸天(まるてん)井(じょう) (maru tenjō)
• 光天(ひかりてん)井(じょう) (hikari tenjō)
• 大天(おおてん)井(じょう) (ō tenjō)
• 天(てん)井(じょう)クレーン (tenjō kurēn)
• 天(てん)井価(じょうか)格(かく) (tenjō kakaku)
• 天(てん)井値(じょうね) (tenjō ne)
• 天(てん)井守(じょうまもり) (tenjō mamori)
• 天(てん)井川(じょうがわ) (tenjō gawa)
• 天(てん)井抜(じょうぬ)け (tenjō nuke)
• 天(てん)井掴(じょうつか)み底(そこ)たたき (tenjō tsukami sokotataki)
• 天(てん)井板(じょういた) (tenjō ita)
• 天(てん)井桟敷(じょうさじき) (tenjō sajiki)
• 天(てん)井画(じょうが) (tenjō ga)
• 天(てん)井知(じょうし)らず (tenjō shirazu)
• 天(てん)井裏(じょううら) (tenjō ura)
• 天(てん)井走(じょうそう)行起(こうき)重(じゅう)機(き) (tenjō sōkō kijūki)
• 天(てん)井長押(じょうなげし) (tenjō nageshi)
• 小組(こぐ)み格天(ごうてん)井(じょう) (kogumi gōtenjō)
• 平(ひら)縁天(ぶちてん)井(じょう) (hirabuchi tenjō)
• 彼岸底彼岸天(ひがんぞこひがんてん)井(じょう) (higan zoko higantenjō)
• 折(お)り上(あ)げ天(てん)井(じょう) (oriage tenjō)
• 掛(か)け込(こ)み天(てん)井(じょう) (kakekomi tenjō)
• 格天(ごうてん)井(じょう) (gō tenjō)
• 猿(さる)頬天(ぼおてん)井(じょう) (sarubō tenjō)
• 節(せつ)分天(ぶんてん)井(じょう) (setsubun tenjō)
• 組(く)み入(い)れ天(てん)井(じょう) (kumīre tenjō)
• 組(く)み天(てん)井(じょう) (kumi tenjō)
• 網代天(あじろてん)井(じょう) (ajiro tenjō)
• 船(ふな)底天(ぞこてん)井(じょう) (funazoko tenjō)
• 落(お)ち天(てん)井(じょう) (ochi tenjō)
• 落(お)とし天(てん)井(じょう) (otoshi tenjō)
• 野天(のてん)井(じょう) (no tenjō)
• 釣(つ)り天(てん)井(じょう) (tsuri tenjō)
• 鏡天(かがみてん)井(じょう) (kagami tenjō)
• 青天(あおてん)井(じょう) (ao tenjō)