優婆塞

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (優婆塞)		優	婆	塞
simp. (优婆塞)		优	婆	塞

Etymology

From Sanskrit उपासक (upāsaka).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yōupósè

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄡ ㄆㄛˊ ㄙㄜˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jau¹ po⁴ sak¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yōupósè
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄡ ㄆㄛˊ ㄙㄜˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: youpósè
    • Wade–Giles: yu¹-pʻo²-sê⁴
    • Yale: yōu-pwó-sè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iouporseh
    • Palladius: юпосэ (juposɛ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /joʊ̯⁵⁵ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵ sɤ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: jau¹ po⁴ sak¹
    • Yale: yāu pòh sāk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jau¹ po⁴ sak⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: yeo¹ po⁴ seg¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐu̯⁵⁵ pʰɔː²¹ sɐk̚⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: 'juw ba sok

Rime
Character	優	婆	塞
Reading #	1/1	1/1	2/2
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	並 (3)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)	戈 (95)	德 (131)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	I	I
Fanqie	於求切	薄波切	蘇則切
Baxter	'juw	ba	sok
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔɨu/	/buɑ/	/sək̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔiu/	/buɑ/	/sək̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔiəu/	/buɑ/	/sək̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔuw/	/bwa/	/sək̚/
Li Rong	/ʔiu/	/buɑ/	/sək̚/
Wang Li	/ĭəu/	/buɑ/	/sək̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʔi̯ə̯u/	/bʱuɑ/	/sək̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yōu	pó	se
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jau1	po4	sak1

Noun

優婆塞

1. (Buddhism) male lay devotee

Synonyms

• 居士 (jūshì)
• 清信士

Related terms

• 優婆夷／优婆夷 (yōupóyí)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (優婆塞):

• → Japanese: 優(う)婆(ば)塞(そく) (ubasoku)
• → Korean: 우바새(優婆塞) (ubasae)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
優	婆	塞
う Grade: 6	ば Grade: S	そく Grade: S
on'yomi

Etymology

From Sanskrit उपासक (upāsaka) or Pali upāsaka. The kanji are ateji (当て字).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) うばそく [ùbáꜜsòkù] (Nakadaka – [2])
• IPA^(key): [ɯ̟ba̠so̞kɯ̟]

Noun

優(う)婆(ば)塞(そく) • (ubasoku) ^{←うばそく (ubasoku)?}

1. Male lay followers of the Buddha, and Buddhism in general.