俔

See also: 伣

俔	U+4FD4, 俔 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4FD4

← 俓
[U+4FD3]

CJK Unified Ideographs

俕 →
[U+4FD5]

Translingual

Han character

俔 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+7, 9 strokes, cangjie input 人月山山 (OBUU), four-corner 2621₀, composition ⿰亻見)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 104, character 28
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 686
Dae Jaweon: page 221, character 12
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 161, character 1
Unihan data for U+4FD4

Chinese

trad.		俔
simp.		伣^*
alternative forms		悓／𮲁 to be like

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 俔
Shang	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script	Small seal script

Small seal script s05802
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (見) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
涀	ɡeːlʔ, kʰeːns, *ɡeːns
莧	*ɡreːns
粯	*ɡreːns
晛	ŋl'eːns, ɡeːnʔ
筧	*keːnʔ
絸	*keːnʔ
垷	keːnʔ, ɡeːnʔ
挸	*keːnʔ
見	keːns, ɡeːns
俔	kʰeːns, ɡeːnʔ
蜆	kʰeːns, qʰeːnʔ, *ɡeːnʔ
硯	ŋɡeːn, ŋɡeːns
峴	*ɡeːnʔ
哯	*ɡeːnʔ
睍	*ɡeːnʔ
現	*ɡeːns

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 亻 (“person”) + 見 (“to see”); also phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kʰeːns, *ɡeːnʔ): semantic 亻 + phonetic 見 (OC *keːns, *ɡeːns).

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qiàn (qian⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄢˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qiàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ciàn
  - Wade–Giles: chʻien⁴
  - Yale: chyàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiann
  - Palladius: цянь (cjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Middle Chinese: henX, khenH

Rime
Character	俔	俔
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	先 (85)	先 (85)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	IV
Fanqie	胡典切	苦甸切
Baxter	henX	khenH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦen^X/	/kʰen^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦen^X/	/kʰen^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣɛn^X/	/kʰɛn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦɛn^X/	/kʰɛn^H/
Li Rong	/ɣen^X/	/kʰen^H/
Wang Li	/ɣien^X/	/kʰien^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɣien^X/	/kʰien^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiàn	qiàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jin⁶	hin³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*N-[k]ˤenʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*kʰeːns/, /*ɡeːnʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	俔
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xiàn
Middle Chinese	‹ hen^X ›
Old Chinese	/*N-[k]ˁenʔ/
English	to be like
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	俔	俔
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	6193	6204
Phonetic component	見	見
Rime group	元	元
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	俔	峴
Old Chinese	/*kʰeːns/	/*ɡeːnʔ/

Definitions

俔

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to be like

Compounds

俔天 / 伣天 (qiàntiān)

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xiàn, qiàn (xian⁴, qian⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄢˋ, ㄑㄧㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jin⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xiàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: siàn
  - Wade–Giles: hsien⁴
  - Yale: syàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiann
  - Palladius: сянь (sjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qiàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ciàn
  - Wade–Giles: chʻien⁴
  - Yale: chyàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiann
  - Palladius: цянь (cjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: jin⁵
  - Yale: yíhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jin⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: yin⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːn¹³/

Middle Chinese: henX

Rime
Character	俔
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	先 (85)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	胡典切
Baxter	henX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦen^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦen^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣɛn^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦɛn^X/
Li Rong	/ɣen^X/
Wang Li	/ɣien^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɣien^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jin⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*N-[k]ˤenʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡeːnʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	俔
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xiàn
Middle Chinese	‹ hen^X ›
Old Chinese	/*N-[k]ˁenʔ/
English	to be like
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	俔
Reading #	2/2
No.	6204
Phonetic component	見
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	峴
Old Chinese	/*ɡeːnʔ/

Definitions

俔

(historical dictionaries only) spy
(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) feather used on a ship as a wind vane
Synonyms: 綄 / 𬘫, 五兩 / 五两

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xiàn (xian⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jin⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xiàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: siàn
  - Wade–Giles: hsien⁴
  - Yale: syàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiann
  - Palladius: сянь (sjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: jin⁵
  - Yale: yíhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jin⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: yin⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːn¹³/

Middle Chinese: henX

Rime
Character	俔
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	先 (85)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	胡典切
Baxter	henX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦen^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦen^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣɛn^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦɛn^X/
Li Rong	/ɣen^X/
Wang Li	/ɣien^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɣien^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jin⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*N-[k]ˤenʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡeːnʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	俔
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xiàn
Middle Chinese	‹ hen^X ›
Old Chinese	/*N-[k]ˁenʔ/
English	to be like
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	俔
Reading #	2/2
No.	6204
Phonetic component	見
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	峴
Old Chinese	/*ɡeːnʔ/

Definitions

俔

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 睍 / 𪾢 (xiàn), only used in 俔俔／伣伣 (xiànxiàn).

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 俔 – see 倪 (“small child; small and weak; etc.”). (This character is recorded in one or more historical dictionaries as a variant form of 倪).

References

羅竹風 [Luo, Zhufeng], editor (1986–1994), “俔”, in 漢語大詞典 [Hanyu Da Cidian] (in Chinese), 1st edition, Shanghai: Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House, →ISBN
Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), B00079

Japanese

Kanji

俔

(Hyōgai kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: けん (ken)、げん (gen)
Kan-on: けん (ken)
Kun: うかがう (ukagau, 俔う)、たとえる (tatoeru, 俔える)

Korean

Hanja

俔 • (hyeon) (hangeul 현, revised hyeon, McCune–Reischauer hyŏn)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.