三公
Appearance
Chinese
[edit]three | just; honourable; public just; honourable; public; common; fair; duke; mister | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (三公) | 三 | 公 | |
simp. #(三公) | 三 | 公 |
Etymology
[edit]Starting in the Zhou Dynasty, the three highest civil posts were: 太師/太师 (tàishī), 太傅 (tàifù), 太保 (tàibǎo). In the Eastern Han Dynasty, the three positions were: 太尉 (tàiwèi) (Grand Commandant), 司徒 (sītú) (Minister over the Masses) and 司空 (sīkōng) (Minister of Works). Later on, the three positions were discontinued, and their duties were folded into the position of 丞相 (chéngxiàng) (chancellor of China).
The modern sense of "three kinds of public expenses" is a collective term for 公車/公车 (“government cars”), 因公出國/因公出国 (“overseas trips”), and 公務接待/公务接待 (“official receptions”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄙㄢ ㄍㄨㄥ
- Tongyong Pinyin: sangong
- Wade–Giles: san1-kung1
- Yale: sān-gūng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sangong
- Palladius: саньгун (sanʹgun)
- Sinological IPA (key): /sän⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: saam1 gung1
- Yale: sāam gūng
- Cantonese Pinyin: saam1 gung1
- Guangdong Romanization: sam1 gung1
- Sinological IPA (key): /saːm⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
Noun
[edit]三公
- (archaic) three highest-ranking civil officials in the imperial court
- a kind of poker game
- (Mainland China, politics) three kinds of public expenses, including buy and use government cars, overseas trips, and official receptions
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]See also
[edit]- 三司 (sānsī)
References
[edit]- Chancellor of China on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- 圖解三國時代, p. 107 and 250, →ISBN
Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
三 | 公 |
さん Grade: 1 |
こう Grade: 2 |
kan'on |
Etymology
[edit]Literary Chinese 三公 (sāngōng)
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- (historical, government) three highest-ranking officials in feudal China
- (historical, government) three highest-ranking officials in feudal Japan
See also
[edit]- 公主 (kōshu)
Categories:
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 三
- Chinese terms spelled with 公
- Chinese terms with archaic senses
- Mainland China Chinese
- zh:Politics
- zh:Government
- zh:Occupations
- zh:Three
- Japanese terms spelled with 三 read as さん
- Japanese terms spelled with 公 read as こう
- Japanese terms read with kan'on
- Japanese terms derived from Literary Chinese
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji
- Japanese terms with historical senses
- ja:Government
- ja:Three
- ja:Occupations