ὕμνος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *sh₂em- (“sing”). Cognate with Hittite [script needed] (išḫamai, “he sings”), Sanskrit सामन् (sā́man, “song”), Sanskrit सुम्न (sumná, “hymn”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /hým.nos/ → /ˈym.nos/ → /ˈim.nos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /hým.nos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈ(h)ym.nos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈym.nos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈym.nos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈim.nos/

Noun

ῠ̔́μνος • (húmnos) m (genitive ῠ̔́μνου); second declension

1. song, hymn, ode (generally in praise of the gods or heroes)

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ ῠ̔́μνος; τοῦ ῠ̔́μνου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ ῠ̔́μνος ho húmnos	τὼ ῠ̔́μνω tṑ húmnō	οἱ ῠ̔́μνοι hoi húmnoi
Genitive	τοῦ ῠ̔́μνου toû húmnou	τοῖν ῠ̔́μνοιν toîn húmnoin	τῶν ῠ̔́μνων tôn húmnōn
Dative	τῷ ῠ̔́μνῳ tôi húmnōi	τοῖν ῠ̔́μνοιν toîn húmnoin	τοῖς ῠ̔́μνοις toîs húmnois
Accusative	τὸν ῠ̔́μνον tòn húmnon	τὼ ῠ̔́μνω tṑ húmnō	τοὺς ῠ̔́μνους toùs húmnous
Vocative	ῠ̔́μνε húmne	ῠ̔́μνω húmnō	ῠ̔́μνοι húmnoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• εὔυμνος (eúumnos)
• Πολύμνια (Polúmnia)
• πολύυμνος (polúumnos)
• ὑμναγόρης (humnagórēs)
• ὑμναγωγός (humnagōgós)
• ὑμνάοιδος (humnáoidos)
• ὑμνάριον (humnárion)
• ὑμνέω (humnéō)
• ὑμνηπολέω (humnēpoléō)
• ὕμνησις (húmnēsis)
• ὑμνήστρια (humnḗstria)
• ὑμνητέον (humnētéon)
• ὑμνητήρ (humnētḗr)
• ὑμνητής (humnētḗs)
• ὑμνητικός (humnētikós)
• ὑμνητός (humnētós)
• ὑμνήτρια (humnḗtria)
• ὑμνητρίς (humnētrís)
• ὑμνικός (humnikós)
• ὑμνίωμες (humníōmes)
• ὑμνοάνασσα (humnoánassa)
• ὑμνοβρυής (humnobruḗs)
• ὑμνογράφος (humnográphos)
• ὑμνοδιδάσκαλος (humnodidáskalos)
• ὑμνοθέτης (humnothétēs)
• ὑμνολογέω (humnologéō)
• ὑμνολόγια (humnológia)
• ὑμνολογία (humnología)
• ὑμνολογίζω (humnologízō)
• ὑμνολόγος (humnológos)
• ὑμνοποιός (humnopoiós)
• ὑμνοπολεύω (humnopoleúō)
• ὑμνοπόλος (humnopólos)
• ὑμνοτήιαι (humnotḗiai)
• ὑμνοτόκος (humnotókos)
• ὑμνόφιλος (humnóphilos)
• ὑμνῳδάρχης (humnōidárkhēs)
• ὑμνῳδεῖον (humnōideîon)
• ὑμνῳδέω (humnōidéō)
• ὑμνώδης (humnṓdēs)
• ὑμνῳδία (humnōidía)
• ὑμνῳδός (humnōidós)
• φίλυμνος (phílumnos)

 

Descendants

• Greek: ύμνος m (ýmnos)
• → Georgian: ჰიმნი (himni)
• → Latin: hymnus m
  • Friulian: imni m
  • Old French: ymne m or f
    • Middle French: hymne, hynne
      • French: hymne m or f
        • → Romanian: imn n
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: yno
    • Galician: himno m
    • Portuguese: hino m
  • → Spanish: himno
  • → Czech: hymnus
  • → Hungarian: hymnus
  • → Italian: inno
  • → Old English: ymen
    • Middle English: ymne, ympne, impne, ymyn
      • English: hymn
      • Scots: hime
    • Middle Welsh: emynn
      • Welsh: emyn
• → Polish: hymn m inan
  • →? Belarusian: гімн m inan (himn)
  • → Russian: гимн m inan (gimn) (likely)
    • → Armenian: հիմն (himn)
    • → Bashkir: гимн (gimn)
    • → Crimean Tatar: gimn
    • → Georgian: ჰიმნი (himni), გიმნი (gimni) — informal, proscribed
    • → Kazakh: gïmn
    • → Kildin Sami: гӣммн (gīmmn)
    • → Urum: гимн
    • → Uzbek: gimn
  • →? Ukrainian: гімн m inan (himn)

See also

• Appendix:Transliterations of Hymns by Plethon

Further reading

• “ὕμνος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ὕμνος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ὕμνος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ὕμνος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• ὕμνος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “ὕμνος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G5215 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • anthem idem, page 32.
  • chant idem, page 124.
  • hymn idem, page 412.
  • ode idem, page 569.
  • song idem, page 793.