ἡνία

See also: ἤνια

Ancient Greek

Etymology

According to Beekes from Proto-Indo-European *h₂em- (“to grasp”) and cognate with Latin ānsa (“handle”) and Lithuanian ąsà (“handle”).

Pronunciation

As a neuter plural:

 

• IPA^(key): /hɛː.ní.a/ → /iˈni.a/ → /iˈni.a/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /hɛː.ní.a/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /(h)e̝ˈni.a/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /iˈni.a/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /iˈni.a/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /iˈni.a/

As a feminine singular:

 

• IPA^(key): /hɛː.ní.aː/ → /iˈni.a/ → /iˈni.a/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /hɛː.ní.aː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /(h)e̝ˈni.a/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /iˈni.a/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /iˈni.a/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /iˈni.a/

Noun

ἡνίᾰ • (hēníă) n pl (genitive ἡνίων); second declension (plural only, Epic) or
ἡνίᾱ • (hēníā) f (genitive ἡνίᾱς); first declension (post-Homeric)

1. rein, bridle

   Synonyms: ῥυτήρ (rhutḗr), χαλινός (khalinós)

Declension

As a neuter plural:

Second declension of ἡνῐ́ᾰ; ἡνῐ́ων (Epic)

Case / #	Plural
Nominative	ἡνῐ́ᾰ hēnĭ́ă
Genitive	ἡνῐ́ων hēnĭ́ōn
Dative	ἡνῐ́οισῐ / ἡνῐ́οισῐν / ἡνῐ́οις hēnĭ́oisĭ(n) / hēnĭ́ois
Accusative	ἡνῐ́ᾰ hēnĭ́ă
Vocative	ἡνῐ́ᾰ hēnĭ́ă
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

As a feminine singular:

First declension of ἡ ἡνῐ́ᾱ; τῆς ἡνῐ́ᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ἡνῐ́ᾱ hē hēnĭ́ā	αἱ ἡνῐ́αι hai hēnĭ́ai
Genitive	τῆς ἡνῐ́ᾱς tês hēnĭ́ās	τῶν ἡνῐῶν tôn hēnĭôn
Dative	τῇ ἡνῐ́ᾳ têi hēnĭ́āi	ταῖς ἡνῐ́αις taîs hēnĭ́ais
Accusative	τὴν ἡνῐ́ᾱν tḕn hēnĭ́ān	τᾱ̀ς ἡνῐ́ᾱς tā̀s hēnĭ́ās
Vocative	ἡνῐ́ᾱ hēnĭ́ā	ἡνῐ́αι hēnĭ́ai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ἐχήνια (ekhḗnia)
• ἡνίοχος (hēníokhos)
• πειθήνῐος (peithḗnĭos)
• χρῡσήνῐος (khrūsḗnĭos)

Further reading

• “ἡνία”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἡνία”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ἡνία in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἡνία in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • bridle idem, page 98.
  • rein idem, page 688.
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN