ᡧᡠ ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ

Manchu

Etymology

ᡧᡠ (šu, “culture”) +‎ ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ (genggiyen, “bright; enlightened”). Calque of Chinese 文明 (wénmíng).

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [ʃu.kəŋ.ŋjən]

Noun

ᡧᡠ
ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ • (šu genggiyen)

1. civilization