გირინი
Laz
[edit]Noun
[edit]გირინი • (girini)
- Alternative form of გურუნი (guruni)
Mingrelian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- გჷრჷნი (gərəni)
Etymology
[edit]Cognate with Laz გურუნი (guruni). The origin is unknown. An overview of opinions follows.
Etymological note
- According to Čikobava, from *გ-ვირ-ინ- (*g-vir-in-), where according to him, the root of the word is ultimately cognate with Georgian ვირი (viri).[1] Ǯavaxišvili further compares Svan ჰუ̂ილ (hûil, “mule”), მაუ̂რა̈ნდ (maûränd, “bull”), მაუ̂ირ (maûir), ლიუ̂რიელ (liûriel, “mate (of animals)”), ხუ̂ირ (xûir, “male (of animals)”).[2][3] Neither Čikobava's nor Ǯavaxišvili's comparisons are accepted by Klimov-Xalilov[4] or Kiria.[5]
- Čuxua on the basis of Georgian ქვირანაჸი (kviranaʾi, “foal”), Mingrelian ქვირა (kvira, “foal”), გირინი (girini, “donkey, ass”), Laz გურუნი (guruni, “donkey, ass”), as well as Svan ჰუ̂ილ ← *გუ̂ილ (hûil ← *gûil, “mule”) (for development compare ჰუ̂იჯ ← *გუ̂იჯ ← *გუ̂ილ (hûiǯ ← *gûiǯ ← *gûil, “snake”), which according to some ultimately goes back to Proto-Kartvelian *gwel-), reconstructs Proto-Kartvelian *gwir- (“donkey, mule”), with further comparisons to Chechen говр (govr), dialectal гавр (gavr), Ingush говр (govr, “horse”) for which he reconstructs Proto-Nakh *gawr- (“horse”). Georgian ქვირა (kvira, “foal”) is however considered to be a "foreign"[6] word which see for its origins.[7]
Noun
[edit]გირინი • (girini) (plural გირინეფი)
- donkey, ass
- (figuratively) tactless person
References
[edit]- ^ Čikobava, Arnold (1938) Č̣anur-megrul-kartuli šedarebiti leksiḳoni [Laz–Megrel–Georgian Comparative Dictionary] (Works; IV) (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Arnold Chikobava Institute of Linguistics, published 2008, page 94
- ^ Ǯavaxišvili, Ivane (1937) Kartveli eris isṭoriis šesavali. Ṭomi 2. Kartuli da ḳavḳasiuri enebis tavdaṗirveli buneba da natesaoba [Introduction to the history of the Georgian nation. Volume II. The original structure and relations of Caucasian and Kartvelian Languages] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Academy Press, pages 178–179, 207–208
- ^ Schmidt, Karl Horst (1962) Studien zur Rekonstruktion des Lautstandes der südkaukasischen Grundsprache (Abhandlungen für die Kunde des Morgenlandes; XXXIV, 3)[1] (in German), Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, page 109
- ^ Klimov, G. A., Xalilov, M. Š. (2003) Словарь кавказских языков. Сопоставление основной лексики [Dictionary of Caucasian Languages. A comparison of the Basic Vocabulary] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, →ISBN, pages 239-240
- ^ Kiria, Č̣abuḳi, Ezugbaia, Lali, Memišiši, Omar, Čuxua, Merab (2015) Lazur-megruli gramaṭiḳa [Laz–Mingrelian Grammar] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Gamomcemloba Meridiani, page 784
- ^ Ḳarṭozia, Guram, Gersamia, Rusudan, Lomia, Maia, Cxadaia, Taia (2010) Manana Ṗerṭenava, Sopio Šamugua, Irma Xaramišvili, Maḳa Comaia, editors, Megrulis lingvisṭuri analizi [Linguistic analysis of Mingrelian language] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Meridiani, →ISBN, page 554
- ^ Čuxua, Merab (2007) “*gwir-”, in Iberiul-ičkeriul enata šedarebiti gramaṭiḳa [Ibero-Ichkerian Comparative Grammar] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Tbilisi State University Press, page 534
- ^ Fähnrich, Heinz (2007) “*kur-”, in Kartwelisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch [Kartvelian Etymological Dictionary] (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.18) (in German), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 472, on the basis of Georgian ქურა (kura, “a kind of goat with small ears; hornless sheep”), Mingrelian ქვირა (kvira, “foal”), reconstructs Proto-Georgian-Zan *kur- (“foal, colt”). Both words however are Iranisms, see Georgian ქვირა (kvira) for more.
Further reading
[edit]- Kajaia, Otar (2005) “გირინი”, in Megrul-kartuli leksiḳoni [Mingrelian–Georgian Dictionary], online version prepared by Joost Gippert, Frankfurt am Main, published 2001–2004, page 268
- Kipšidze, Iosif (1914) “გირინი”, in Грамматика мингрельского (иверского) языка с хрестоматией и словарем [Grammar of the Mingrelian (Iverian) Language with a Reader and a Dictionary] (Материалы по яфетическому языкознанию; 7)[2] (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Academy Press, page 218a
- Kiria, Č̣abuḳi, Ezugbaia, Lali, Memišiši, Omar, Čuxua, Merab (2015) “*გურინ-ი”, in Lazur-megruli gramaṭiḳa [Laz–Mingrelian Grammar] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Gamomcemloba Meridiani, page 784
- Kobalia, Alio (2010) “გირინი”, in Merab Čuxua, Nona Kobalia, Nana Kobalia, editors, Megruli leksiḳoni [Mingrelian Dictionary] (Ḳolxuri seria; 7)[3], online version prepared by Manana Buḳia, Tbilisi: Artanuji, →ISBN
- Pipia, Daniel (2008) “გირინი”, in Tamaz Pipia, Givi Boǯgua, editors, Megruli saleksiḳono masalebi [Megrelian dictionary materials] (Ḳolxuri seria; 3)[4], online version prepared by Manana Buḳia, Tbilisi: Artanuji, →ISBN