চকা
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
See also: ছেকা
Assamese
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Sanskrit চক্ৰ (cakra, “circle”).
Cognates include Sylheti ꠌꠣꠇ꠆ꠇꠣ (sakka), ꠌꠣꠇꠣ (saxa), Bengali চাকা (caka), Avestan 𐬗𐬀𐬑𐬭𐬀 (caxra, “wheel”), Persian چرخ (čarx), Old Church Slavonic коло (kolo), Lithuanian kãklas, Tocharian B kokale, Ancient Greek κύκλος (kúklos), Latin colus and Old English hwēol (English wheel).
Alternative forms
[edit]Noun
[edit]চকা • (soka)
Declension
[edit]Inflection of চকা
Indefinite forms | Definite forms | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
numeral | non-numeral (plural) | ||||||||||
singular | plural | informal | formal | ||||||||
absolutive | চকা soka |
চকাটো sokatü |
চকাকেইটা sokakeita |
চকাবোৰ sokabür |
চকাবিলাক sokabilak |
চকাসমূহ sokaxomuh | |||||
ergative | চকাই sokai |
চকাটোৱে sokatüe |
চকাকেইটাই sokakeitai |
চকাবোৰে sokabüre |
চকাবিলাকে sokabilake |
চকাসমূহে sokaxomuhe | |||||
accusative | চকাক sokak |
চকাটোক sokatük |
চকাকেইটাক sokakeitak |
চকাবোৰক sokabürok |
চকাবিলাকক sokabilakok |
চকাসমূহক sokaxomuhok | |||||
genitive | চকাৰ sokar |
চকাটোৰ sokatür |
চকাকেইটাৰ sokakeitar |
চকাবোৰৰ sokabüror |
চকাবিলাকৰ sokabilakor |
চকাসমূহৰ sokaxomuhor | |||||
dative | চকালৈ sokaloi |
চকাটোলৈ sokatüloi |
চকাকেইটালৈ sokakeitaloi |
চকাবোৰলৈ sokabüroloi |
চকাবিলাকলৈ sokabilakoloi |
চকাসমূহলৈ sokaxomuholoi | |||||
terminative | চকালৈকে sokaloike |
চকাটোলৈকে sokatüloike |
চকাকেইটালৈকে sokakeitaloike |
চকাবোৰলৈকে sokabüroloike |
চকাবিলাকলৈকে sokabilakoloike |
চকাসমূহলৈকে sokaxomuholoike | |||||
instrumental | চকাৰে sokare |
চকাটোৰে sokatüre |
চকাকেইটাৰে sokakeitare |
চকাবোৰেৰে sokabürere |
চকাবিলাকেৰে sokabilakere |
চকাসমূহেৰে sokaxomuhere | |||||
locative | চকাত sokat |
চকাটোত sokatüt |
চকাকেইটাত sokakeitat |
চকাবোৰত sokabürot |
চকাবিলাকত sokabilakot |
চকাসমূহত sokaxomuhot | |||||
Accusative Note: -অক (-ok) is used for animate sense and for emphasis. No case marking otherwise. Dative Note 1: Some speakers use -অলৈ (-oloi)'s variant -অলে (-ole) instead. Dative Note 2: For direct objects -অক (-ok) marks this case instead of -অলৈ (-oloi). Dative Note 3: In some dialects -অক (-ok) or -অত (-ot) marks this case instead of -অলৈ (-oloi). Instrumental Note 1: Alternatively -এদি (-edi) marks this case instead of -এৰে (-ere). Instrumental Note 2: Sometimes -এ (-e) marks this case. Locative Note: The locative suffix is -এ (-e) in some cases. |
Related terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Assamese verb set |
---|
চক (sok) |
চকা (soka) |
চকোৱা (soküa) |
চকোওৱা (soküüa) |
Perhaps from Sanskrit চক্ষতি (cakṣati, “to taste”). Cognate Bengali চাখা (cakha), Hindi चखना (cakhnā).
Alternative forms
[edit]- চাকা (saka) — Central Standard
Adjective
[edit]চকা • (soka) (Eastern Standard)
Verb
[edit]চকা • (soka) (transitive) (Eastern Assamese)
Conjugation
[edit]impersonal forms of চকা
Affirmative (+) | Negative (-) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Stem | চাক sak |
নেচাক nesak | |
Gerund, Past participle, Agentive | চকা soka |
নচকা nosoka | |
Conjugative | {{{cn}}} {{{cn-tr}}} |
{{{cn-1}}} {{{cn-1-tr}}} | |
Infinitive | চাকিব sakibo |
নেচাকিব nesakibo | |
Genitive infinitive | {{{gin}}} {{{gin-tr}}} |
{{{gin-1}}} {{{gin-1-tr}}} | |
Goal | চাকিবলৈ sakiboloi |
নেচাকিবলৈ nesakiboloi | |
Terminative | {{{trm}}} {{{trm-tr}}} |
{{{trm-1}}} {{{trm-1-tr}}} | |
Future passive participle | {{{fpp}}} {{{fpp-tr}}} |
{{{fpp-1}}} {{{fpp-1-tr}}} | |
Agentive (emphatic) | (♂) | চাকোঁতা sakü̃ta |
নেচাকোঁতা nesakü̃ta |
♀ | {{{agenf}}} {{{agenf-tr}}} |
{{{agenf-1}}} {{{agenf-1-tr}}} | |
Contingent | চাকোঁতে sakü͂te |
নেচাকোঁতে nesakü͂te | |
Progressive participle | চাকোঁতে - চাকোঁতে sakü͂te - sakü͂te |
নেচাকোঁতে - নেচাকোঁতে nesakü͂te - nesakü͂te | |
Reason | {{{rs}}} {{{rs-tr}}} |
{{{rs-1}}} {{{rs-1-tr}}} | |
Past conditional | {{{unk}}} {{{unk-tr}}} |
{{{unk-1}}} {{{unk-1-tr}}} | |
Future conditional | চাকিলে sakile |
নেচাকিলে nesakile | |
Perfect participle | চাকি saki |
নেচাকি nesaki | |
Habitual participle | চাকি - চাকি saki-saki |
নেচাকি - নেচাকি nesaki - nesaki |
Conjugation forms of চকা
Person | First person | Second person | Third person | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Very faml. & Inferior |
Familiar | Honorific | Non honorific | ||||
Singular | মই moi |
তই toi |
তুমি tumi |
আপুনি apuni |
তেওঁ etc teü͂ |
সি ♂, তাই ♀ etc xi ♂, tai ♀ | |
Plural | i | আমি ami |
তহঁত tohõt |
তোমালোক tümalük |
আপোনালোক apünalük |
তেওঁলোক teü͂lük |
সিহঁত etc xihõt |
t | তহঁতে tohõte |
তোমালোকে tümalüke |
আপোনালোকে apünalüke |
তেওঁলোকে teü͂lüke |
সিহঁতে etc xihõte | ||
Present | |||||||
Indefinite | + | চাকোঁ sakü͂ |
চাক sako |
চাকা saka |
চাকে sake | ||
- | নেচাকোঁ nesakü͂ |
নেচাক nesako |
নেচাকা nesaka |
নেচাকে nesake | |||
Imperfective | + | চাকিছোঁ sakisü͂ |
চাকিছ sakiso |
চাকিছা sakisa |
চাকিছে sakise | ||
- | Imperfective | ||||||
চকা নাই soka nai | |||||||
"not about to" (usage is not common) | |||||||
{{{pres-perf-5}}} {{{pres-perf-5-tr}}} |
{{{pres-perf-6vf}}} {{{pres-perf-6vf-tr}}} |
{{{pres-perf-6f}}} {{{pres-perf-6f-tr}}} |
{{{pres-perf-7}}} {{{pres-perf-7-tr}}} | ||||
Continuous | + | চাকি আছোঁ saki asü͂ |
চাকি আছ saki aso |
চাকি আছা saki asa |
চাকি আছে saki ase | ||
- | চাকি থকা নাই saki thoka nai | ||||||
Past | |||||||
Simple | + | চাকিলোঁ sakilü͂ |
চাকিলি sakili |
চাকিলা sakila |
চাকিলে sakile | ||
- | নেচাকিলোঁ nesakilü͂ |
নেচাকিলি nesakili |
নেচাকিলা nesakila |
নেচাকিলে nesakile | |||
Imperfective | + | চাকিছিলোঁ sakisilü͂ |
চাকিছিলি sakisili |
চাকিছিলা sakisila |
চাকিছিলে sakisile | ||
- | Imperfective | ||||||
নেচাকিছিলোঁ nesakisilü͂ |
নেচাকিছিলি nesakisili |
নেচাকিছিলা nesakisila |
নেচাকিছিলে nesakisile | ||||
Habitual | |||||||
{{{past-simp-7}}} {{{past-simp-7-tr}}} |
{{{past-simp-8vf}}} {{{past-simp-8vf-tr}}} |
{{{past-simp-8f}}} {{{past-simp-8f-tr}}} |
{{{past-simp-9}}} {{{past-simp-9-tr}}} | ||||
Continuous | + | চাকি আছিলোঁ saki asilü͂ |
চাকি আছিলি saki asili |
চাকি আছিলা saki asila |
চাকি আছিলে saki asile | ||
- | চাকি থকা নাছিলোঁ saki thoka nasilü͂ |
চাকি থকা নাছিলি saki thoka nasili |
চাকি থকা নাছিলা saki thoka nasila |
চাকি থকা নাছিলে saki thoka nasile | |||
Future | |||||||
Indicative | + | চাকিম sakim |
চাকিবি sakibi |
চাকিবা sakiba |
চাকিব sakibo | ||
- | Indicative | ||||||
নেচাকোঁ nesakü͂ |
নেচাক nesako |
নেচাকা nesaka |
নেচাকে nesake | ||||
"Perhaps" | |||||||
নেচাকিম nesakim |
নেচাকিবি nesakibi |
নেচাকিবা nesakiba |
নেচাকিব nesokibo | ||||
Continuous | + | চাকি থাকিম saki thakim |
চাকি থাকিবি saki thakibi |
চাকি থাকিবা saki thakiba |
চাকি থাকিব saki thakibo | ||
- | |||||||
Indicative | |||||||
চাকি নেথাকিম saki nethakim |
চাকি নেথাকিবি saki nethakibi |
চাকি নেথাকিবা saki nethakiba |
চাকি নেথাকিব saki nethakibo | ||||
"Perhaps" | |||||||
{{{fut-cont-7}}} {{{fut-cont-7-tr}}} |
{{{fut-cont-8vf}}} {{{fut-cont-8vf-tr}}} |
{{{fut-cont-8f}}} {{{fut-cont-8f-tr}}} |
{{{fut-cont-9}}} {{{fut-cont-9-tr}}} | ||||
Others | |||||||
Imperative | + | চাকোঁ sakü͂ |
চাক sak |
{{{imp-1a}}} {{{imp-1a-tr}}} |
চাকক sakok | ||
- | — | নেচাকিবি nesakibi |
নেচাকিবা nesakiba |
নেচাকিব nesakibo | |||
❋ Note 1: i = for intransitive verbs, t = for transitive verbs. The suffix -এ (-e) marks ergative case. | |||||||
❋ Note 2: Sometimes -হঁক (-hõk) or less commonly -হঁত (-hõt) suffix is used for plural pronouns, like আমি কৰোহঁক (ami korühõk), আপোনালোক আহিলেহঁক (apünalük ahilehõk) etc. | |||||||
❋ Note 3: For intransitive verbs like যোৱা (züa, “to go”) the 3rd person suffix -এ (-e) in simple past tense is not used, like সি গ’ল (xi göl), not সি গ’লে (xi göle). | |||||||
❋ Note 4: Other 3rd person pronouns have the same conjugation. Click here to see other personal pronouns. |
Categories:
- Assamese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Assamese terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Assamese terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Assamese terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Assamese terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Assamese terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Assamese terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Assamese terms derived from Sanskrit
- Assamese lemmas
- Assamese nouns
- Assamese terms inherited from Sanskrit
- Assamese adjectives
- Eastern Standard Assamese
- Assamese verbs
- Assamese transitive verbs
- Assamese terms with usage examples