सर्प

See also: सुरूप

Hindi

सर्प

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit सर्प (sarpa). Doublet of साँप (sā̃p).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /səɾp/, [sɐɾp]

Noun

सर्प • (sarp) m (Urdu spelling سرپ)

1. snake

   Synonyms: नाग (nāg), साँप (sā̃p)

Declension

Declension of सर्प (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	सर्प sarp	सर्प sarp
oblique	सर्प sarp	सर्पों sarpõ
vocative	सर्प sarp	सर्पो sarpo

Marathi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit सर्प (sarpa). Doublet of साप (sāp).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /səɾ.pə/

Noun

सर्प • (sarpa) m (feminine सर्पीण)

1. snake, serpent

Declension

Declension of सर्प (masc cons-stem)
direct singular	सर्प sarp
direct plural	सर्प sarp
	singular एकवचन		plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	सर्प sarp		सर्प sarp
oblique सामान्यरूप	सर्पा sarpā		सर्पां- sarpān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	सर्पाला sarpālā		सर्पांना sarpānnā
ergative	सर्पाने, सर्पानं sarpāne, sarpāna		सर्पांनी sarpānnī
instrumental	सर्पाशी sarpāśī		सर्पांशी sarpānśī
locative सप्तमी	सर्पात sarpāt		सर्पांत sarpāt
vocative संबोधन	सर्पा sarpā		सर्पांनो sarpānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of सर्प (masc cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	सर्पाचा sarpāċā	सर्पाचे sarpāċe	सर्पाची sarpācī	सर्पाच्या sarpācā	सर्पाचे, सर्पाचं sarpāċe, sarpāċa	सर्पाची sarpācī	सर्पाच्या sarpācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	सर्पांचा sarpānċā	सर्पांचे sarpānċe	सर्पांची sarpāñcī	सर्पांच्या sarpāncā	सर्पांचे, सर्पांचं sarpānċe, sarpānċa	सर्पांची sarpāñcī	सर्पांच्या sarpāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Derived terms

• सर्पदंश (sarpadauśa)
• सर्पमित्र (sarpamitra)

 

Further reading

• Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “सर्प”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “सर्प”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
• दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “सर्प”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ).

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• সৰ্প (Assamese script)
• ᬲᬃᬧ (Balinese script)
• সর্প (Bengali script)
• 𑰭𑰨𑰿𑰢 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀲𑀭𑁆𑀧 (Brahmi script)
• သရ်္ပ (Burmese script)
• સર્પ (Gujarati script)
• ਸਰ੍ਪ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌸𑌰𑍍𑌪 (Grantha script)
• ꦱꦂꦥ (Javanese script)
• 𑂮𑂩𑂹𑂣 (Kaithi script)
• ಸರ್ಪ (Kannada script)
• សប៌ (Khmer script)
• ສຣ຺ປ (Lao script)
• സര്പ (Malayalam script)
• ᠰᠠᡵᢒᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘭𑘨𑘿𑘢 (Modi script)
• ᠰᠠᠷᢒᠠ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧍𑧈𑧠𑧂 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐳𑐬𑑂𑐥 (Newa script)
• ସର୍ପ (Odia script)
• ꢱꢬ꣄ꢦ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆱𑆫𑇀𑆥 (Sharada script)
• 𑖭𑖨𑖿𑖢 (Siddham script)
• සර්‍ප (Sinhalese script)
• 𑪁𑩼 𑪙𑩰 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚨𑚤𑚶𑚞 (Takri script)
• ஸர்ப (Tamil script)
• సర్ప (Telugu script)
• สรฺป (Thai script)
• ས་རྤ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒮𑒩𑓂𑒣 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨰𑨫𑩇𑨞 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *serp-

Sanskrit सृप् (sṛp)

Sanskrit स॒र्प (sarpá)

From the root सृप् (sṛp), from Proto-Indo-European *serp- (“to crawl, creep”). Cognate with Latin serpēns (“serpent”), Ancient Greek ἑρπετόν (herpetón), Albanian gjarpër.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /sɐɾ.pɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈs̪ɐɾ.pɐ/

Adjective

स॒र्प • (sarpá) stem (root सृप्)

1. creeping, crawling, stealing along

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of सर्प (sarpá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	सर्पः sarpáḥ	सर्पौ / सर्पा¹ sarpaú / sarpā́¹	सर्पाः / सर्पासः¹ sarpā́ḥ / sarpā́saḥ¹
Vocative	सर्प sárpa	सर्पौ / सर्पा¹ sárpau / sárpā¹	सर्पाः / सर्पासः¹ sárpāḥ / sárpāsaḥ¹
Accusative	सर्पम् sarpám	सर्पौ / सर्पा¹ sarpaú / sarpā́¹	सर्पान् sarpā́n
Instrumental	सर्पेण sarpéṇa	सर्पाभ्याम् sarpā́bhyām	सर्पैः / सर्पेभिः¹ sarpaíḥ / sarpébhiḥ¹
Dative	सर्पाय sarpā́ya	सर्पाभ्याम् sarpā́bhyām	सर्पेभ्यः sarpébhyaḥ
Ablative	सर्पात् sarpā́t	सर्पाभ्याम् sarpā́bhyām	सर्पेभ्यः sarpébhyaḥ
Genitive	सर्पस्य sarpásya	सर्पयोः sarpáyoḥ	सर्पाणाम् sarpā́ṇām
Locative	सर्पे sarpé	सर्पयोः sarpáyoḥ	सर्पेषु sarpéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine ī-stem declension of सर्पी (sarpī́)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	सर्पी sarpī́	सर्प्यौ / सर्पी¹ sarpyaù / sarpī́¹	सर्प्यः / सर्पीः¹ sarpyàḥ / sarpī́ḥ¹
Vocative	सर्पि sárpi	सर्प्यौ / सर्पी¹ sárpyau / sárpī¹	सर्प्यः / सर्पीः¹ sárpyaḥ / sárpīḥ¹
Accusative	सर्पीम् sarpī́m	सर्प्यौ / सर्पी¹ sarpyaù / sarpī́¹	सर्पीः sarpī́ḥ
Instrumental	सर्प्या sarpyā́	सर्पीभ्याम् sarpī́bhyām	सर्पीभिः sarpī́bhiḥ
Dative	सर्प्यै sarpyaí	सर्पीभ्याम् sarpī́bhyām	सर्पीभ्यः sarpī́bhyaḥ
Ablative	सर्प्याः / सर्प्यै² sarpyā́ḥ / sarpyaí²	सर्पीभ्याम् sarpī́bhyām	सर्पीभ्यः sarpī́bhyaḥ
Genitive	सर्प्याः / सर्प्यै² sarpyā́ḥ / sarpyaí²	सर्प्योः sarpyóḥ	सर्पीणाम् sarpī́ṇām
Locative	सर्प्याम् sarpyā́m	सर्प्योः sarpyóḥ	सर्पीषु sarpī́ṣu
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of सर्प (sarpá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	सर्पम् sarpám	सर्पे sarpé	सर्पाणि / सर्पा¹ sarpā́ṇi / sarpā́¹
Vocative	सर्प sárpa	सर्पे sárpe	सर्पाणि / सर्पा¹ sárpāṇi / sárpā¹
Accusative	सर्पम् sarpám	सर्पे sarpé	सर्पाणि / सर्पा¹ sarpā́ṇi / sarpā́¹
Instrumental	सर्पेण sarpéṇa	सर्पाभ्याम् sarpā́bhyām	सर्पैः / सर्पेभिः¹ sarpaíḥ / sarpébhiḥ¹
Dative	सर्पाय sarpā́ya	सर्पाभ्याम् sarpā́bhyām	सर्पेभ्यः sarpébhyaḥ
Ablative	सर्पात् sarpā́t	सर्पाभ्याम् sarpā́bhyām	सर्पेभ्यः sarpébhyaḥ
Genitive	सर्पस्य sarpásya	सर्पयोः sarpáyoḥ	सर्पाणाम् sarpā́ṇām
Locative	सर्पे sarpé	सर्पयोः sarpáyoḥ	सर्पेषु sarpéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Noun

स॒र्प • (sarpá) stem, m (root सृप्)

1. a snake, serpent, serpent-demon (nāga), tortuous motion
2. a particular constellation (when only the three unfavourable planets are situated in the three kendras)
3. Mesua ferrea ( <= Mesua roxburghii), the Ceylon ironwood
4. name of one of the 11 rudras of a rakshasa
5. (in the plural) name of a particular tribe of mlecchas (formerly kshatriyas and described as wearing beards)
6. name of the wife of a Rudra

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of सर्प (sarpá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	सर्पः sarpáḥ	सर्पौ / सर्पा¹ sarpaú / sarpā́¹	सर्पाः / सर्पासः¹ sarpā́ḥ / sarpā́saḥ¹
Vocative	सर्प sárpa	सर्पौ / सर्पा¹ sárpau / sárpā¹	सर्पाः / सर्पासः¹ sárpāḥ / sárpāsaḥ¹
Accusative	सर्पम् sarpám	सर्पौ / सर्पा¹ sarpaú / sarpā́¹	सर्पान् sarpā́n
Instrumental	सर्पेण sarpéṇa	सर्पाभ्याम् sarpā́bhyām	सर्पैः / सर्पेभिः¹ sarpaíḥ / sarpébhiḥ¹
Dative	सर्पाय sarpā́ya	सर्पाभ्याम् sarpā́bhyām	सर्पेभ्यः sarpébhyaḥ
Ablative	सर्पात् sarpā́t	सर्पाभ्याम् sarpā́bhyām	सर्पेभ्यः sarpébhyaḥ
Genitive	सर्पस्य sarpásya	सर्पयोः sarpáyoḥ	सर्पाणाम् sarpā́ṇām
Locative	सर्पे sarpé	सर्पयोः sarpáyoḥ	सर्पेषु sarpéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Pali: sappa
  • → Thai: สัปปะ (sàp-bpà)
• Prakrit: 𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧 (sappa) (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed terms

• → Kashmiri: سَرُپھ (saruph)
• → Dhivehi: ހަރުފަ (harufa)
• → Javanese: sarpa
• → Konkani: सोरोप (sorop)
• → Sinhalese: සර්පයා (sarpayā)
• → Bengali: সর্প (śorpo)
• → Gujarati: સર્પ (sarp)
• → Hindi: सर्प (sarp)
• → Malayalam: സർപ്പം (saṟppaṁ)
• → Kannada: ಸರ್ಪ (sarpa)
• → Marathi: सर्प (sarpa)
• → Tamil: சர்ப்பம் (carppam)
• ⇒ Telugu: సర్పము (sarpamu)

Noun

स॒र्प • (sarpá) stem, n

1. = सपसामन् (sapa-sāman)

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of सर्प (sarpá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	सर्पम् sarpám	सर्पे sarpé	सर्पाणि / सर्पा¹ sarpā́ṇi / sarpā́¹
Vocative	सर्प sárpa	सर्पे sárpe	सर्पाणि / सर्पा¹ sárpāṇi / sárpā¹
Accusative	सर्पम् sarpám	सर्पे sarpé	सर्पाणि / सर्पा¹ sarpā́ṇi / sarpā́¹
Instrumental	सर्पेण sarpéṇa	सर्पाभ्याम् sarpā́bhyām	सर्पैः / सर्पेभिः¹ sarpaíḥ / sarpébhiḥ¹
Dative	सर्पाय sarpā́ya	सर्पाभ्याम् sarpā́bhyām	सर्पेभ्यः sarpébhyaḥ
Ablative	सर्पात् sarpā́t	सर्पाभ्याम् sarpā́bhyām	सर्पेभ्यः sarpébhyaḥ
Genitive	सर्पस्य sarpásya	सर्पयोः sarpáyoḥ	सर्पाणाम् sarpā́ṇām
Locative	सर्पे sarpé	सर्पयोः sarpáyoḥ	सर्पेषु sarpéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

References

• “सर्प॑” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 602, column 1.
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “सर्प”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 341
• Monier Williams (1899) “सर्प”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1184, column 1.