𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• sappa (Latin script)
• सप्प (Devanagari script)
• সপ্প (Bengali script)
• සප‍්ප (Sinhalese script)
• သပ္ပ or သပ်ပ (Burmese script)
• สปฺป or สัปปะ (Thai script)
• ᩈᨷ᩠ᨷ (Tai Tham script)
• ສປ຺ປ or ສັປປະ (Lao script)
• សប្ប (Khmer script)
• 𑄥𑄛𑄴𑄛 (Chakma script)

Noun

𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧 m

1. Brahmi script form of sappa (“snake”)

Declension

Declension table of "𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁄 (sappo)	𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸 (sappā)
Accusative (second)	𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀁 (sappaṃ)	𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂 (sappe)
Instrumental (third)	𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀦 (sappena)	𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀳𑀺 (sappehi) or 𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀪𑀺 (sappebhi)
Dative (fourth)	𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀲𑁆𑀲 (sappassa) or 𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀬 (sappāya) or 𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀁 (sappatthaṃ)	𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀦𑀁 (sappānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀲𑁆𑀫𑀸 (sappasmā) or 𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀸 (sappamhā) or 𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸 (sappā)	𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀳𑀺 (sappehi) or 𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀪𑀺 (sappebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀲𑁆𑀲 (sappassa)	𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀦𑀁 (sappānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀲𑁆𑀫𑀺𑀁 (sappasmiṃ) or 𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀺 (sappamhi) or 𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂 (sappe)	𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀼 (sappesu)
Vocative (calling)	𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧 (sappa)	𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸 (sappā)

Prakrit

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *serp-

Proto-Indo-European *-ós

Proto-Indo-Iranian *sarpás

Sanskrit स॒र्प (sarpá)

Prakrit 𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧 (sappa)

Inherited from Sanskrit स॒र्प (sarpá), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sarpás, from Proto-Indo-European *serp- + *-ós. Cognate with Pali sappa.

Noun

𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧 (sappa) m (Devanagari सप्प, Kannada ಸಪ್ಪ, feminine 𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀻) (Māhārāṣṭrī)

1. snake
   • c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 552:

     𑀕𑀺𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁄-𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺 𑀪𑀼𑀅𑀁𑀕𑀁 𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑁄 𑀚𑀻𑀳𑀸𑀇 𑀮𑀺𑀳𑀇 𑀲𑀁𑀢𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁄
     𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑀲𑁆𑀲 𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀧𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀭𑀛𑀭𑁄-𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺 𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁄 𑀧𑀺𑀅𑀇 𑀮𑀸𑀮𑀁

     girisŏtto-tti bhuaṃgaṃ mahiso jīhāi lihaï saṃtatto
     mahisassa kaṇhapattharajharo-tti sappo piaï lālaṃ

     • 2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken

       Parched by the heat, the buffalo licks a snake, taking it for a mountain rivulet,
       And the snake sips the buffalo’s spittle, taking it for water falling from black rock.

Declension

Maharastri declension of 𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧 (masculine)
	singular	plural
Nominative	𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁄 (sappo)	𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸 (sappā)
Accusative	𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀁 (sappaṃ)	𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂 (sappe) or 𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸 (sappā)
Instrumental	𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀡 (sappeṇa) or 𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀡𑀁 (sappeṇaṃ)	𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀳𑀺 (sappehi) or 𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (sappehiṃ)
Dative	𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀅 (sappāa)	—
Ablative	𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀑 (sappāo) or 𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀉 (sappāu) or 𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸 (sappā) or 𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀳𑀺 (sappāhi) or 𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (sappāhiṃto)	—
Genitive	𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀲𑁆𑀲 (sappassa)	𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀡 (sappāṇa) or 𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀁 (sappāṇaṃ)
Locative	𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (sappammi) or 𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂 (sappe)	𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀼 (sappesu) or 𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (sappesuṃ)
Vocative	𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧 (sappa) or 𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸 (sappā)	𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸 (sappā)

Descendants

• Central Indo-Aryan:
  • Hindustani:

    Hindi: साँप (sā̃p)

    Urdu: سان٘پ (sā̃p)

• Eastern Indo-Aryan:
  • Bengali–Assamese:
    • Assamese: সাপ (xap)
    • Bengali: সাপ (śap)
    • Chakma: 𑄥𑄛𑄴 (sāp)
    • Chittagonian: আফ (áf)
    • Rohingya: háf, áf
    • Sylheti: ꠢꠣꠙ (haf)
  • Odia: ସାପ (sāpa)
• Northern Indo-Aryan:
  • Nepali: साँप (sā̃p)
• Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
  • Punjabi:

    Gurmukhi script: ਸੱਪ (sappa)

    Shahmukhi script: سَپّ (sapp)

  • Kholosi: sap
  • Sindhi:

    Arabic script: سپُ (sapu)

    Devanagari script: सपु (sapu)

• Southern Indo-Aryan:
  • Old Marathi:

    Devanagari script: साप (sāpa)

    Modi script: 𑘭𑘰𑘢 (sāpa)

    • Marathi: साप (sāp)
• Western Indo-Aryan:
  • Gujarati: સાપ (sāp)
  • Romani: sap

References

• Sen, Sukumar (1960) A Comparative Grammar of Middle Indo-Aryan, Linguistic Society of India, page 59.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “sarpá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press