शूल

See also: शूल्, शाल, शाला, शील, शिला, शीला, and -शाली

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• শূল (Assamese script)
• ᬰᬹᬮ (Balinese script)
• শূল (Bengali script)
• 𑰫𑰳𑰩 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀰𑀽𑀮 (Brahmi script)
• ၐူလ (Burmese script)
• શૂલ (Gujarati script)
• ਸ਼ੂਲ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌶𑍂𑌲 (Grantha script)
• ꦯꦹꦭ (Javanese script)
• 𑂬𑂴𑂪 (Kaithi script)
• ಶೂಲ (Kannada script)
• ឝូល (Khmer script)
• ຨູລ (Lao script)
• ശൂല (Malayalam script)
• ᡧᡠᡠᠯᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘫𑘴𑘩 (Modi script)
• ᠱᠤᠤᠯᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧋𑧕𑧉 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐱𑐹𑐮 (Newa script)
• ଶୂଲ (Odia script)
• ꢯꢹꢭ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆯𑆷𑆬 (Sharada script)
• 𑖫𑖳𑖩 (Siddham script)
• ශූල (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩿𑩒𑩛𑩽 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚧𑚱𑚥 (Takri script)
• ஶூல (Tamil script)
• శూల (Telugu script)
• ศูล (Thai script)
• ཤཱུ་ལ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒬𑒴𑒪 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨮𑨃𑨊𑨬 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *śúHlas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćúHlas, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱúh₃-los, from *ḱeh₃- (“to sharpen”). Cognate with सूची (sūcī, “needle”), Persian سان (sân, “whetstone”), Old Armenian սուր (sur, “sword; sharp”), սլաք (slakʻ, “pointer; spearhead”), Latin cos, culex (“fly”), Ancient Greek κῶνος (kônos), Old English hān (whence English hone). The Sanskrit root is शूल् (śūl, “to hurt, cause pain”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɕúː.lɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈɕuː.l̪ɐ/

Noun

शूल • (śū́la) stem, m or n

1. any sharp instrument or pointed dart, lance, pike, spear (esp. the trident of Shiva)
2. a stake for impaling criminals
3. any sharp or acute pain (esp. that of colic or gout)
4. pain, grief, sorrow

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of शूल

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	शूलः (śūlaḥ)	शूलौ (śūlau) शूला¹ (śūlā¹)	शूलाः (śūlāḥ) शूलासः¹ (śūlāsaḥ¹)
vocative	शूल (śūla)	शूलौ (śūlau) शूला¹ (śūlā¹)	शूलाः (śūlāḥ) शूलासः¹ (śūlāsaḥ¹)
accusative	शूलम् (śūlam)	शूलौ (śūlau) शूला¹ (śūlā¹)	शूलान् (śūlān)
instrumental	शूलेन (śūlena)	शूलाभ्याम् (śūlābhyām)	शूलैः (śūlaiḥ) शूलेभिः¹ (śūlebhiḥ¹)
dative	शूलाय (śūlāya)	शूलाभ्याम् (śūlābhyām)	शूलेभ्यः (śūlebhyaḥ)
ablative	शूलात् (śūlāt)	शूलाभ्याम् (śūlābhyām)	शूलेभ्यः (śūlebhyaḥ)
genitive	शूलस्य (śūlasya)	शूलयोः (śūlayoḥ)	शूलानाम् (śūlānām)
locative	शूले (śūle)	शूलयोः (śūlayoḥ)	शूलेषु (śūleṣu)

• ¹Vedic

Neuter a-stem declension of शूल

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	शूलम् (śūlam)	शूले (śūle)	शूलानि (śūlāni) शूला¹ (śūlā¹)
vocative	शूल (śūla)	शूले (śūle)	शूलानि (śūlāni) शूला¹ (śūlā¹)
accusative	शूलम् (śūlam)	शूले (śūle)	शूलानि (śūlāni) शूला¹ (śūlā¹)
instrumental	शूलेन (śūlena)	शूलाभ्याम् (śūlābhyām)	शूलैः (śūlaiḥ) शूलेभिः¹ (śūlebhiḥ¹)
dative	शूलाय (śūlāya)	शूलाभ्याम् (śūlābhyām)	शूलेभ्यः (śūlebhyaḥ)
ablative	शूलात् (śūlāt)	शूलाभ्याम् (śūlābhyām)	शूलेभ्यः (śūlebhyaḥ)
genitive	शूलस्य (śūlasya)	शूलयोः (śūlayoḥ)	शूलानाम् (śūlānām)
locative	शूले (śūle)	शूलयोः (śūlayoḥ)	शूलेषु (śūleṣu)

• ¹Vedic

Derived terms

• त्रिशूल (triśūla)

Descendants

• Bengali: হুল (hul, “sharpened end”), শুল (śul)
• Sindhi: सूरु sg (sooru, “pain”)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “शूल”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1086/3.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 651