शक

See also: शुक, शंका, शौक़, and शोक

Hindi

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /ʃək/, [ʃɐk]

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Sanskrit शक (śaka).

Proper noun

शक • (śak) m (Urdu spelling شک)

1. Saka; Indo-Scythians

   शक युग ― śak yug ― Shaka era

Declension

Declension of शक (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	शक śak	शक śak
oblique	शक śak	शकों śakõ
vocative	शक śak	शको śako

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian شک (šak(k)), from Arabic شَكّ (šakk). Compare Punjabi ਸ਼ੱਕ (śakka).

Noun

शक • (śak) m (Urdu spelling شک)

1. suspicion, distrust, qualm

   Synonyms: संदेह (sandeh), संशय (sañśay), गुमान (gumān), रैब (raib)

   चाचाजी को इस दुकानदार की ईमानदारी पर शक है

   cācājī ko is dukāndār kī īmāndārī par śak hai

   Uncle has doubts about this shopkeeper's honesty.

Declension

Declension of शक (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	शक śak	शक śak
oblique	शक śak	शकों śakõ
vocative	शक śak	शको śako

References

• Caturvedi, Mahendra, Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970) “शक”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House, page 732
• Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “शक”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, page 4671

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• শক (Assamese script)
• ᬰᬓ (Balinese script)
• শক (Bengali script)
• 𑰫𑰎 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀰𑀓 (Brahmi script)
• ၐက (Burmese script)
• શક (Gujarati script)
• ਸ਼ਕ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌶𑌕 (Grantha script)
• ꦯꦏ (Javanese script)
• 𑂬𑂍 (Kaithi script)
• ಶಕ (Kannada script)
• ឝក (Khmer script)
• ຨກ (Lao script)
• ശക (Malayalam script)
• ᡧᠠᡬᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘫𑘎 (Modi script)
• ᠱᠠᢉᠠ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧋𑦮 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐱𑐎 (Newa script)
• ଶକ (Odia script)
• ꢯꢒ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆯𑆑 (Sharada script)
• 𑖫𑖎 (Siddham script)
• ශක (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩿𑩜 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚧𑚊 (Takri script)
• ஶக (Tamil script)
• శక (Telugu script)
• ศก (Thai script)
• ཤ་ཀ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒬𑒏 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨮𑨋 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Borrowed from Old Persian 𐎿𐎣𐎠 (s-k-a /⁠Sakā⁠/, “Scythian”), from 𐎿𐎣 (s-k /⁠Saka⁠/, “Scythia”), from Scythian.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɕɐ.kɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈɕɐ.kɐ/

Proper noun

शक • (śaka) stem, m

1. Saka, Indo-Scythians

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of शक (śaka)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	शकः śakaḥ	शकौ / शका¹ śakau / śakā¹	शकाः / शकासः¹ śakāḥ / śakāsaḥ¹
Vocative	शक śaka	शकौ / शका¹ śakau / śakā¹	शकाः / शकासः¹ śakāḥ / śakāsaḥ¹
Accusative	शकम् śakam	शकौ / शका¹ śakau / śakā¹	शकान् śakān
Instrumental	शकेन śakena	शकाभ्याम् śakābhyām	शकैः / शकेभिः¹ śakaiḥ / śakebhiḥ¹
Dative	शकाय śakāya	शकाभ्याम् śakābhyām	शकेभ्यः śakebhyaḥ
Ablative	शकात् śakāt	शकाभ्याम् śakābhyām	शकेभ्यः śakebhyaḥ
Genitive	शकस्य śakasya	शकयोः śakayoḥ	शकानाम् śakānām
Locative	शके śake	शकयोः śakayoḥ	शकेषु śakeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

• शाक (śāka)
• शाक्य (śākya)

Descendants

• → English: Saka
• → Hindi: शक (śak)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “शक”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1045.