लिह्

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

লিহ্ (Assamese script)
ᬮᬶᬳ᭄ (Balinese script)
লিহ্ (Bengali script)
𑰩𑰰𑰮𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀮𑀺𑀳𑁆 (Brahmi script)
လိဟ် (Burmese script)
લિહ્ (Gujarati script)
ਲਿਹ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌲𑌿𑌹𑍍 (Grantha script)
ꦭꦶꦲ꧀ (Javanese script)
𑂪𑂱𑂯𑂹 (Kaithi script)
ಲಿಹ್ (Kannada script)
លិហ៑ (Khmer script)
ລິຫ຺ (Lao script)
ലിഹ് (Malayalam script)
ᠯᡳᡥ (Manchu script)
𑘩𑘱𑘮𑘿 (Modi script)
ᠯᠢᠾ (Mongolian script)
𑧉𑧒𑧎𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
𑐮𑐶𑐴𑑂 (Newa script)
ଲିହ୍ (Odia script)
ꢭꢶꢲ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
𑆬𑆴𑆲𑇀 (Sharada script)
𑖩𑖰𑖮𑖿 (Siddham script)
ලිහ් (Sinhalese script)
𑩽𑩑𑪂 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
𑚥𑚮𑚩𑚶 (Takri script)
லிஹ் (Tamil script)
లిహ్ (Telugu script)
ลิหฺ (Thai script)
ལི་ཧ྄ (Tibetan script)
𑒪𑒱𑒯𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
𑨬𑨁𑨱𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /liɦ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /l̪iɦ/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *líṭṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *líćš, from Proto-Indo-European *líǵʰs, from *leyǵʰ- (“to lick”).

Adjective

लिह् • (lih)

licking

Declension

Masculine root-stem declension of लिह्
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	लिट् (liṭ)	लिहौ (lihau) लिहा¹ (lihā¹)	लिहः (lihaḥ)
vocative	लिट् (liṭ)	लिहौ (lihau) लिहा¹ (lihā¹)	लिहः (lihaḥ)
accusative	लिहम् (liham)	लिहौ (lihau) लिहा¹ (lihā¹)	लिहः (lihaḥ)
instrumental	लिहा (lihā)	लिड्भ्याम् (liḍbhyām)	लिड्भिः (liḍbhiḥ)
dative	लिहे (lihe)	लिड्भ्याम् (liḍbhyām)	लिड्भ्यः (liḍbhyaḥ)
ablative	लिहः (lihaḥ)	लिड्भ्याम् (liḍbhyām)	लिड्भ्यः (liḍbhyaḥ)
genitive	लिहः (lihaḥ)	लिहोः (lihoḥ)	लिहाम् (lihām)
locative	लिहि (lihi)	लिहोः (lihoḥ)	लिट्सु (liṭsu)

¹Vedic

Feminine root-stem declension of लिह्
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	लिट् (liṭ)	लिहौ (lihau) लिहा¹ (lihā¹)	लिहः (lihaḥ)
vocative	लिट् (liṭ)	लिहौ (lihau) लिहा¹ (lihā¹)	लिहः (lihaḥ)
accusative	लिहम् (liham)	लिहौ (lihau) लिहा¹ (lihā¹)	लिहः (lihaḥ)
instrumental	लिहा (lihā)	लिड्भ्याम् (liḍbhyām)	लिड्भिः (liḍbhiḥ)
dative	लिहे (lihe)	लिड्भ्याम् (liḍbhyām)	लिड्भ्यः (liḍbhyaḥ)
ablative	लिहः (lihaḥ)	लिड्भ्याम् (liḍbhyām)	लिड्भ्यः (liḍbhyaḥ)
genitive	लिहः (lihaḥ)	लिहोः (lihoḥ)	लिहाम् (lihām)
locative	लिहि (lihi)	लिहोः (lihoḥ)	लिट्सु (liṭsu)

¹Vedic

Neuter root-stem declension of लिह्
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	लिट् (liṭ)	लिही (lihī)	लिंहि (liṃhi)
vocative	लिट् (liṭ)	लिही (lihī)	लिंहि (liṃhi)
accusative	लिट् (liṭ)	लिही (lihī)	लिंहि (liṃhi)
instrumental	लिहा (lihā)	लिड्भ्याम् (liḍbhyām)	लिड्भिः (liḍbhiḥ)
dative	लिहे (lihe)	लिड्भ्याम् (liḍbhyām)	लिड्भ्यः (liḍbhyaḥ)
ablative	लिहः (lihaḥ)	लिड्भ्याम् (liḍbhyām)	लिड्भ्यः (liḍbhyaḥ)
genitive	लिहः (lihaḥ)	लिहोः (lihoḥ)	लिहाम् (lihām)
locative	लिहि (lihi)	लिहोः (lihoḥ)	लिट्सु (liṭsu)

Derived terms

मधुलिह् (madhulih)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-European *leyǵʰ- (“to lick”). Cognate with Lithuanian laižýti, Proto-Slavic *līzàti, Latin lingō whence cunnilingus; Dutch lekker (“tasty”), English lick.

Whether the Rigvedic forms with initial र्- (r-) belong here has been doubted, with a tentative alternative translation as "to reach out to" or "to delight in".^[1]

Alternative forms

रिह् (rih), रेह् (reh)

Root

लिह् • (lih)

to lick, taste
to eat, consume

Derived terms

Sanskrit terms belonging to the root लिह् (0 c, 4 e)

Terms derived from the Sanskrit root लिह् (1 c, 0 e)

Primary Verbal Forms

लेढि (leḍhi, Present)
रेढि (réḍhi, Present)
रेळ्हि (réḷhi, Present)
लिहति (lihati, Present)
लेक्ष्यति (lekṣyati, Future)
लेढा (leḍhā, Periphrastic Future)
अलिक्षत् (alikṣat, Aorist)
लिलेह (lileha, Perfect)

Secondary Forms

लिह्यते (lihyate, Passive)
अलेहि (alehi, Passive Aorist)
लेहयति (leháyati, Causative)
अलीलिहत् (alīlihat, Causative Aorist)
लिलिक्षति (lilikṣati, Desiderative)
लेलेढि (leleḍhi, Intensive)
लेलिह्यते (lelihyate, Intensive)
रेरिह्यते (rerihyáte, Intensive)

Non-Finite Forms

लीढ (līḍha, Past Participle)
रीळ्ह (rīḷha, Past Participle)
लेढुम् (leḍhum, Infinitive)
लीढ्वा (līḍhvā, Gerund)
लेह्य (lehya, Gerundive)

Derived Nominal Forms

लिह् (lih) (see Etymology 1)
लिह (liha)
लेलिह (leliha)
लेह (leha)
लेहक (lehaka)
लेहन (lehana)
लेहिन् (lehin)

Prefixed Root Forms

References

Monier Williams (1899) “लिह्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 903, column 1.
William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 148

^ Thomson, Karen (2009), "A still undeciphered text, continued: the reply to my critics" in Journal of Indo-European Studies Studies, 37(1–2), page 71 of 59-88.

[1] Thomson, Karen (2009), "A still undeciphered text, continued: the reply to my critics" in Journal of Indo-European Studies Studies, 37(1–2), page 71 of 59-88.

[1]