यातना

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit यातना (yātanā).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /jɑːt̪.nɑː/, [jäːt̪̚.näː]

Noun

यातना • (yātnā) m

1. torture
2. torment, anguish
3. (mythology) the punishment inflicted in naraka, the torments of hell

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• যাতনা (Assamese script)
• ᬬᬵᬢᬦᬵ (Balinese script)
• যাতনা (Bengali script)
• 𑰧𑰯𑰝𑰡𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀬𑀸𑀢𑀦𑀸 (Brahmi script)
• ယာတနာ (Burmese script)
• યાતના (Gujarati script)
• ਯਾਤਨਾ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌯𑌾𑌤𑌨𑌾 (Grantha script)
• ꦪꦴꦠꦤꦴ (Javanese script)
• 𑂨𑂰𑂞𑂢𑂰 (Kaithi script)
• ಯಾತನಾ (Kannada script)
• យាតនា (Khmer script)
• ຍາຕນາ (Lao script)
• യാതനാ (Malayalam script)
• ᠶᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᢠᠠᠨᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
• 𑘧𑘰𑘝𑘡𑘰 (Modi script)
• ᠶ᠋ᠠᢗᢐᠠᠨᠠ᠋᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧇𑧑𑦽𑧁𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐫𑐵𑐟𑐣𑐵 (Newa script)
• ଯାତନା (Odia script)
• ꢫꢵꢡꢥꢵ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆪𑆳𑆠𑆤𑆳 (Sharada script)
• 𑖧𑖯𑖝𑖡𑖯 (Siddham script)
• යාතනා (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩻𑩛𑩫𑩯𑩛 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚣𑚭𑚙𑚝𑚭 (Takri script)
• யாதநா (Tamil script)
• యాతనా (Telugu script)
• ยาตนา (Thai script)
• ཡཱ་ཏ་ནཱ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒨𑒰𑒞𑒢𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨪𑨊𑨙𑨝𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Noun

यातना • (yātanā) stem, f

1. torment, agony
   • 900-1100 AD; copied later, Arlo Griffiths, Kunthea Chhom, “A problematic inscription (K.1237)”, in Udaya: Journal of Khmer Studies‎^[1], volume 14 (PDF), Yosothor, published 2019, halshs-02168837, page 10:

     វិមទ*យន្តិយេភូមី*
     ទាសាន្ទេវស្យបាបី*នះ
     តេសវ្វ៌នរកេយាន្តុ
     យាតនាមាភវក្ឞយាត៑ ៕
     * Read ទ, មី and បី as ទ៌, មិ and បិ.

     vimardayanti ye bhūmi
     dāsāndevasya pāpinaḥ
     te sarvvanarake yāntu
     yātanām ā bhavakṣayāt· ॥

     May the evil ones who disturb the land and servants of the god undergo torment in every hell until the end of existence.

Declension

Feminine ā-stem declension of यातना

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	यातना (yātanā)	यातने (yātane)	यातनाः (yātanāḥ)
vocative	यातने (yātane)	यातने (yātane)	यातनाः (yātanāḥ)
accusative	यातनाम् (yātanām)	यातने (yātane)	यातनाः (yātanāḥ)
instrumental	यातनया (yātanayā) यातना¹ (yātanā¹)	यातनाभ्याम् (yātanābhyām)	यातनाभिः (yātanābhiḥ)
dative	यातनायै (yātanāyai)	यातनाभ्याम् (yātanābhyām)	यातनाभ्यः (yātanābhyaḥ)
ablative	यातनायाः (yātanāyāḥ) यातनायै² (yātanāyai²)	यातनाभ्याम् (yātanābhyām)	यातनाभ्यः (yātanābhyaḥ)
genitive	यातनायाः (yātanāyāḥ) यातनायै² (yātanāyai²)	यातनयोः (yātanayoḥ)	यातनानाम् (yātanānām)
locative	यातनायाम् (yātanāyām)	यातनयोः (yātanayoḥ)	यातनासु (yātanāsu)

• ¹Vedic
• ²Brāhmaṇas

Descendants

• Hindi: यातना (yātnā)
• Marathi: यातना (yātnā)
• Pali: yātanā
  • Lao: ຍາຕະນາ (nyā ta nā)
• Thai: ยาตนา

References

• Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025) “yātanā”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.